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part two OTC test 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| gingivitis vs periodontitis | gigivitis no migration where as periodontitis migrates to apex of tooth and root is exposed/could lead to loss of teeth and progression to acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) |
| periodontitis can lead to | ANUG, trench mouth and vincent's stomatitis |
| a medicated cleaning material applied to teeth by brushing is called (redues plaque, stains, odor and dental cariess) | dentifries (powders, pastes and gels) TOOTHPASTE |
| common ingredients you would find in dentifries are | abrasives, fluoride, anticalculus/tartar control, antibacterial, sodium bicarbonate, flavor sweetner |
| common abrasives that are found in dentifrices are | salicates, dicalcium phosphate, alumina trihydrate, calcium pyrophosphate, calcium carbonate and sodium metaphosphate |
| the only approved ADFA antibacterial toothpasted that has been shown to reduce the risk of gingivitis is | Triclosan (colgate Tartar control) |
| agents that do not remove alrady formed calculus that are commonly found in dentifries and may claim to do so | anticalculus and other tartar control agents |
| ADA recommends new tooth brush every ___months and what kind of tooth brush | 3 months and combo of soft and hard, electronic are no better |
| what is the eitology of gingivites | bacteria in dental plaque invade gum tissue, hormonal changes, leukemia, chemotherypy, HIV |
| treatment for sensitive teeth may include | 5 % potassium nitrate that blocks perception of stimuli to dentin. takes two weeks or more for effect |
| local anesthetics for toothache | benzocaine 5-20% and phenol 0.5 aspirin and NSAIDS my proved limited relief |
| Teething is not associated with | vomiting, diarrhea, nasal congestion, fever, or rashes. These are probably to do some other condition as earch ache or GI problems |
| canker sores are ofter called | aphthouse stomatitis RAS |
| a common ingredient that is know to contribute to canker sores is | sodium lauryl sulfate |
| topical anesthetics used in the treatment of aphthous stomatitis (canker sore) | benzocaine, menthol, phenol, butacaine, and benzyl alcohol (chloraseptic is an example of mouthrines with anesthetics) |
| cleansing, debriding, and possibly antibacterial agent used for the treatment of aphthous stomatitis | carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide |
| protectants used for aphthous | orabase, denture adhesive powder |
| neutralize gastric acid | antacids ( they do not inhibit amount or rate of secretion of stomach acid) antacids differ from each other so are not all equipotent |
| inhibit all phases of gastic acid secretion | histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) |
| inhibit only the gastic acid secretion | proton pump inhibitor |
| potency is measures by ANC (the amount of acid buffered or neutralzied per dose over a specific period of time and ranges vary from 6-60 [per 15 mL of liquid antacid] | mEq of acid-neutrilization capacity per does of antacid |
| which antacids have the shortest dose | sodium bicarbonate adn magnesium hydroxide |
| which antacids have the longest duration of action | aluminum hydroxide and calcium carbonate |
| an antacid combination product that gives you an intermediate duration | aluminum and magnesium hydroxide (the combined side effect of constipation and diarrhea should give you a good product, diarrhea if any predominates) |
| antacids are approved for what indication and not approved for what | tx of heartburn, sour stomach, acid indigestion, over eatting. Not officially approved for GERD but may help |
| the four salt forms of magnesium that have antacied properties are | oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, trisilicate |
| which antacid ingredient is most common and found in wide variety of prodcuts | hydroxide |
| the most frequent and self limiting side effect of magnesium containing products escpecial hydroxide antacid is | diarrhea (magnesium toxicity is rare) |
| Aluminum also contains four salt forms but one is common used in anacid combination products and the others are rarely seen (side effect is CONSTIPATION) | hydroxide most common (carbonate, phosphate, aminoacetate |
| calcium carbonate | maybe rebound, belching, flatulence, some constipation |
| sodium bicarbonate | alka, seltzer, potent and act instantly, produces carbon dioxide gas, belching and flatulence is common, onlyh recommend for short term |
| alginic acid | reacts with sodium bicarbonate in formulation to form a coating on lining of esphagus to protect but not effective if patient lies down |
| four H2RA that are available OTC now ( take about 1-2 hours to work) | cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine |
| mixture of al and mgOH | maalox mylanta riopan |
| magnesium/aluminum hydroxide plus simethicone | mylicon |
| magnesium hydroxide | phillips milk of magnesia (MOM) |
| NaHCO3 | alka seltzer |
| alpha galactosidase | beano |
| aluminum hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and sodium alginate | gaviscon |
| seaband adn travelaide often help relieve nausea symptoms by doing what | putting pressure on the neiguan or pericardium 6 (P6) |
| reliefBand NST | is a FDA approved device that applies a mild electric shock to P6 point |
| pharmacologic TX of nausea and vomiting | antacids H2RAs anthistamines, pyridoxine (Vit B-6), phsophorated carbohydrate solution, Oral rehydration solutions |
| Bendectin was approved by FDA but removed in 83 and contained what (useful for N/V in pregnancy) | doxylamine 10mg and pyridoxine 10 mg |
| how does phosphorated carbohydrate solutions relieve N/V | elevate osmotic pressure within gut and reduce smooth muscle contrations |
| 4 products that are used as oral rehydration solutions are | pedialyte, naturalyte, enfalyte, rehydralyte |
| antihistamines used for N/V | cyclizine, dimenhydrinate, meclizine |
| common products of phsphorated carbohydrate solutions are | emetrol, nausetrol, nausea relief |
| bonine and dramamine less drowsy contain | meclizine |
| marezine contains what durg | cyclizine (antihistamine for N/V) |
| dramamine contains | dimenhydrinate |
| a product that may help motion sickness but is NOT approved by FDA is | Ginger (Ginger Ale) |
Created by:
lainylaina