| Treatments | Definition and ie. |
| biomedical therapy | a prescribed medication or medical procedure that acts directly on the patient's nervous system. ie-anti-anxiety medicine, anti-depressants, etc... |
| eclectic approach | an approach to psychotherapy that depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy. ie-when a patient has a phobia a psychiatrist might use both anti-anxiety medications and psycotherapy to help |
| psychoanalysis | free associations, resistances, dreams, & transferences-& therapist's interpretations- released previously repressed feelings, allowing patient 2 gain self-insight. ie-interpretaion of a dream helps patient realize own feelings |
| resistance | in psychoanalysis, the blocking form consciousness of anxiety-laden material. ie-D.I.D. is a ex. this when a child was abused |
| interpret | in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight. ie-a conclusion of a dream where a mother dies being representative of repressed anger toward ur mother |
| transference | in psycholoanalysis, the patient's tranfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships. ie-love or hatred toward a parent |
| psychotherapy | a planned, emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained, socially sanctioned healer and sufferer. ie-simply talking to a therapist (the sofa method) |
| client-centered therapy | a humanistic therapy, developed by Rogers, includes active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate client's growth. ie-discussion between of y patient acts certain way; based on the person being able to fix themselves |
| face-to-face therapy | similar to psychoanalytic minus the couch |
| active listening | empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. Afeature of Rogers' client-centered therapy. ie-Patient, "I was beat." Therapist, "Okay, so you were beat." |
| behavior therapy | therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors. ie-teaching one not to wash hands repeatedly (OCD) |
| counterconditioning | conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors (based on classical conditioning). ie-fear of elevators... pairing elevator space with calm reactions |
| exposure therapy | exposing people to the things they fear. ie-exposing one with a fear of snakes to snakes |
| systematic desensitization | a type of counterconditioning that assocaites a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias. ie-seeing pictures of spiders will eventually desensitize you to get over your fear of spiders |
| virtual reality exposure therapy | an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears. ie-flying |
| aversive conditioning | counter-conditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior. ie-nausea associated with drinking alcohol |
| token economy | operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and later can trade tokens in for prviledges or treats. ie-Raider Rewards (elementary) |
| cognitive therapies | therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions. ie-someone fearing dogs, coming to the realization that dogs offer companionship |
| cognitive-behavior therapy | a popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy. ie-looking at spiders as helpful to the environment and overcoming ur fear of them |
| family therapy | therapy that treats the family as a system; views an individuals unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members; attempts to guide family members toward positive relationships and improved communication. |
| meta-analysis | a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies. |
| tardive dyskinesia | involuntary movements of facial muscles, tongue, and limbs (side-effect of anti-psychotic drugs). ie-looks like parkinson's disease |
| electrocompulsive therapies | biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electrical current is sent through the brain of anesthetized patient. |
| repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) | the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity. |
| psychosurgery | surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior |
| lobotomy | a now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients; the procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner-brain |
