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Lisa's Section

Anaerobes Test #2

QuestionAnswer
What are the 4 ways of growing anaerobes? Reducing media, candle jar, anaerobic jar, and bio-bags.
What is reducing media for growing anaerobes? It contains ingredients, such as sodium thioglycolate, that chemically combine with dissolved oxygen and deplete the oxygen in the cultufre medium.
What is a candle jar device for growing anaerobes? Cultures are placed in a jar witrh a candle burning. The burning candle reduces oxygen from 20% to 15% and increases carbon Dioxide to approximately 3%.
What is an anaerobic jar for growing anaerobes? A packet of chemicals reacts with water producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide.O2 combines with hydrogen to make water.
What are bio-bags for growing anaerobes? Plastic bag with self-contained chemical gas generator that is activated by crushing or a few mililiters of water.
Where do anaerobes reside in the human body? Part of the normal flora on the skin, mucous membrane surfaces of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, mouth and GI tract, as well as orrifices of external genetalia, urethra and vagina.
Are anaerobe-caused infections from microbes inhabiting the body or from microbes that live outside the body? Pathogenic anaerobes are part of the normal flora and are opportunistic. Most are , therefore, from an endogenous source (inhabiting the body).
What are exogenous anaerobe-caused infections? The few anaerobe-caused infections from exogenous sources are foodbourne or come from wounds and infected animal bites or septic abortions.
How does temperature affect the growth of microbes? Each species has different temperature requirements. (Minimum, optimum and maximum growth temperatures)
What is minimum growth temperature? The lowest temp at which growth will occur (very slow growth).
What happens at BELOW minimum temperature? most microorganisms go dormant but DO NOT DIE.
What is optimal growth temperature? Temp at which most rapid growth occurs.
What is maximum growth temperature? Highest temp at which growth occurs--above this temp, enzymes are denatured and death mighut occur.
What are the 5 classifications of microbes by temperature? Psychrophiles, psychrotrophes, mesophiles, thermophiles, and hyperthermophiles.
What are psychrophiles, their optimum growth temp and their range? Cold-loving; optimum at 10 degrees Celsius; range= -2 to 18 degrees Celsius.
What is the optimum temp for psychrotrophes and their range? Optimum growth at 25 degrees Celsius and range from -2 to 35 degrees Celsius.
What is the optimum temp range for mesophiles? 25 - 40 degrees Celsius.
What are thermophiles; their optimum temp and their range? Heat-loving organisms; optimum at >40 degrees Celsius; usually 70 to 75 degrees Celsius.
What are hyperthermophiles; their optumum temp and their range? Extreme heat-loving; optimum >90 degrees Celsius; 70 - 105 degrees Celsius.
What is pH? Potential of hydrogen; measure of the relative acidity of alkalinity of a solution.
How does pH affect growth? Every organism has its minimum, optimum and maximum pH at which growth can occur.
What are acidophiles? A bacterium that grows at <4 pH.
What are neutrophiles? An organism that thrives in neutral pH environment.
What are alkaliphiles? Organisms that thrive in alkaline environment: pH 9 - 11.
What are characteristics of a batch culture? Nutrients are NOT removed, wastes are NOT removed; examples = broth tubes, agar slants and agar plates.
What are characteristics of a CONTINUOUS CULTURE? Nutrients ARE renewed, wastes ARE removed; example = special dynamic growing chamber (chemostat); it maintains population at log (max amt) of growth.
Created by: lisaanne11
 

 



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