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Intro/History/Micro/

Lab Quiz #1

QuestionAnswer
What is the first step in Koch's four postulates? 1:organism must be isolated in every case of the disease
What is the second step in Koch's four postulates? 2: The organism must be isolated in pure culture from a diseased host.
What is the third step in Koch's four postualtes? When injected into a healthy, suspetible host, it must become ill with the same disease as the original host.
What is the fourth step in Koch's four postulates? The same organism must be reisolated in pure culture from the experimnetally injected host.
What are two basic types of microscopy? Light and electron
What are the four types of light microscopy? Bright-field, dark-field, phase contrast, and fluorescence.
How does Bright-field microscopy work? All possible light is allowed in to illuminate the specimen. Usually need to stain organisms to observe them.
How does Dark-field microscopy work? Special insets adjusts amount of light entering--illuminating the specimen on a black background.
How does phase contrast work? Uses light to produce areas of contrast. A bright background with dark specimens.
How does fluorescence microscopy work? Exposes specimen to UV, violet or blue light. The image is fluorescent with a balack background.
What are the two types of elecron microscopy? Transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM).
How does TEM work? Ultra thin sections of specimen examined with electron beam.
How does SEM work? Beams are sent overentire surface of whole portions of specimen.
What type of microscopy is best used to observe outward appearances and some internal structures? Bright-Field
What type of microscopy is best used to observe live, unstained specimen? Dark-Field
What type of microscopy is best used to observe live, unstained specimen for internal structures? Phase-contrast
What type of microscopy is best used to observe rapid ID of specific organisms? Fluorescence
microscope would you use to observe layers of a specimen? TEM
What microscope wouls be used to best observe surface structures of intact cells and viruses? SEM
What is simple staining used for? To observe basic structures of a cell
What are some commonly used simple staining dyes and what is their charge? Crystal violet, methylene blue, carbol fuchion. +
What is differential staning used for? To divide bacteria into different groups based on their staining properties.
What are two examples of differential staining? Acid fast and gram staining.
What would effect the staining properties of a bacteria? The difference in cell walls.
What are the orders of the taxonomic hierarchy? Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species
What are the 5 Kingdoms? Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
What is an example of Kingdom Monera and what are some if their characteristics? Bacteria- Prokaryotic, peptidoglycan, no specialized tissue, single celled, auto or heterotrophic, RNA and DNA
What is an example of Kingdon Fungi and some of their chracteristics? Yeast,Mold, Mushrooms- Eukaryotic,Chitin cell wall, no specialized tissue, single or mutlicellular, heterotrphic, DNA and RNA
What are the characteristics of KIngdom Protista (protazoa)? Eukaryotic, no cell wall, no specialized tissue, single-celled, heterotrophic, DNA and RNA
What are some characteristics of Kingdon Protista (algae)? Eukaryotic, cellulose cell wall, no specialized tissue, single or multi cellular, autotrophic, DNA and RNA
What are some characteristics of Kingdom PLantae? Eukaryotic, cellulose cell wall, specialized tissue, autotrophic, DNA and RNA
What are some characteristics of Kingdom Animalia? Eukaryotic, no cell wall, specialized tissue, all heterotrophic, DNA and RNA
Created by: lisaanne11
 

 



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