| Question |
Answer |
| What is the definition of Non-specific Defenses? |
those that do not recognize specific foreign cells |
| What is the significance of Non-specific Defenses? |
reduce burden of Specific Defenses |
| What are the Non-specific Defenses? |
1. Skin & Mucus Membranes; 2. Phagocytosis; 3. Inflammatory Response; 4. Fever; 5. Interferons |
| What type of defense is provided by Skin and Mucus Membranes? |
Physical/Chemical barriers to infection |
| What type of defense is provided by Phagocytosis? |
Leukocytes (granular & macrophages) throught body organs --> pus |
| What is pus? |
dead WBC and Bacteria |
| What type of defense is provided by Inflammatory Responses? |
release of Histamine & Prostaglandins --> Vasodilation/Edema --> slows spread of Infectious Agents --> Improves EXTRAcellular Phagocytosis & enables Antibody diffusion |
| What type of defense is provided by Fever? |
Interleukin 1 secreted by Macrophages exposed to Pathogenic Bacteria --> denature |
| What are Interferons? |
Proteins released by Virus infected cells |
| How do Interferons protect the body? |
enhance activity of NK-cells and stimulate nearby host cells to Synthesize Anti-viral Enzymes |
Biology Lab Midterm
