Word | Definition |
asexual reproduction | a new organism is produced from one organism |
egg | haploid sex cell formed in the female reproductive organs |
meiosis | process that produces haploid sex cells |
sexual reproduction | a new organism is produced in which two sex cells come together |
chromosome | structure in a cell's nucleus that contains hereditary material |
fertilization | the joining of an egg and a sperm |
mitosis | the process in which the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei |
sperm | haploid sex cell formed in the male reproductive organs |
diploid | when cells have pairs of similar chromosomes |
gene | contains instructions for making specific proteins |
mutation | any permanent change in a gene or chromosome of a cell |
zygote | diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes and egg |
DNA | the genetic material of all organisms |
haploid | has half the number of chromosomes as body cells |
RNA | carries codes for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes |
allele | an alternate form that a gene may have for a trait |
genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
hybrid | receives different genetic information for a trait from each parent |
dominant | covers up the other trait |
recessive | the trait that seems to disappear |
heredity | passing of traits from parent to offspring |
phenotype | the way an organism looks and behaves as a result of its genotype |
genetic engineering | changing the arrangement of DNA that makes up a gene |
heterozygous | an organism with two alleles for one trait that are different |
homozygous | an organism with two alleles for one trait that are the same |
genetics | the study of how traits are inherited |
cartilage | rubbery layer of tissue found at the ends of bones,where they form joints |
involunatry muscle | muscles you cannot control |
melanin | a pigment that protects your skin and gives it color |
CNS | central nervous system |
PNS | peripheral nervous system |
neuron | nerve cells |
dermis | middle layer of the skin |
epidermis | outer thinnest layer of the skin |
joint | any place where two or more bones come together |
voluntary muscle | muscle that you are able to control |
ligament | tough band of tissue that holds bones in place |
tendon | thick band of tissue that attatches bones to muscles |
physical property | a characteristic you can observe without changing it trying to change the composition of the substances |
chemical property | a characteristic that cannot be observes without altering the substance |
physical change | one in which the form or appearance of matter changes, but not it's composition |
chemical change | substances are changed into different substances |
vaporization | matter changes from a liquid to a gas |
condensation | matter changes from a gas to a liquid |
sublimation | solid changes to a gas |
deposition | gas changes into a solid |
law of conservation of mass | the total mass of matter is the same before and after a physical or chemical change |
acid | releases positively charged ions in water |
aqueous | a solution in which water is the solvent |
solute | substance that dssolves and seems to disappear into another substance |
concentration | describes how much solute is present in a solution compared to the amount of solvent |
heterogenous mixture | contains substances that are not mixed evenly |
homogenous mixture | another word for solution |
solution | homogenous mixture |
neutralization | acid reacts with a base and forms water and salt |
saturated | contains all of the solute it can hold under a given condition |
solvent | the substance that dissolves in the solute |
precipitate | a solid formed when come solutions are mixed |
substance | matter that has a fixed composition |
solubility | measurement that describes how much solute dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a given temp. |