| Question | Answer |
| Personality | your characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting |
| free association | a method of exploring the unconscious; the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind |
| psychoanalysis | theory that compared thoughts and actions to the unconscious motives and conflicts |
| unconscious | a place in the mind that holds hidden thoughts, wishes, and memories (usually the unacceptable ones). |
| id | tries to always satisfy self and basic drives, including, survival and reproduction. Seeks immediate gratification. |
| ego | reality principle; finds a median between id's and superego's demands |
| superego | strives for perfection; always wants to do the right thing |
| psychosexual stages | oral(0-18 months)
anal (18-36 months)
Phallic (3-6 years)
latency (6-puberty)
genital (puberty-on) |
| opedius complex | boy's sexual desires towards mother and jealousy towards father |
| identification | process where children incorporate parents attributes into their superegos |
| fixation | lingering sexual feelings at an early stage because needs were not met |
| defense mechanisms | protective methods of reducing anxiety by consciously distorting reality |
| repression | banishing anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, memories |
| regression | resort back to more comfortable stage |
| reaction formation | ego consciously switches unacceptable thoughts and feelings to their opposites |
| projection | disguise own threatening impulses by thinking others are that way |
| rationalization | self-justifying explanations |
| displacement | shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward more acceptable, less threatening object/person |
| projective test | personality test that provides basic things that stimulate your brain into triggering projection of ones inner subconscious feelings |
| thematic perception test | a projective test where people express their thoughts and feelings through stories they make up when they see basic pictures |
| rorschach inkblot test | a set of 10 inkblots; seeks to identify people
s inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations |
| collective unconscious | carl jung's concept of shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species history |
| self actualization | process of fulfilling your potential |
| unconditional positive regard | attitude of total acceptance towards another person |
| self concept | thoughts and feelings about selves in answer to question of "who am i?" |
| trait | a characteristic pattern of behavior |
| personality inventory | a questionnaire in which people respond to questions to find out behaviors and feelings (traits) |
| MMPI | developed to find emotional disorders and is now used for other purposes |
| empirically derived test | developed by testing a pool of items then getting rid of ones that discriminate between groups |
| social-cognitive perspective | belief that we learn our behavior by watching and modeling others behavior |
| reciprocal determinism | proces of interacting with our environment: behavior->internal personal factors-> environmental influences |
| personal control | sense of controlling environment instead of the environment controlling you |
| external locus control | the belief that chance affects someones fate |
| internal locus control | belief that you control your own fate |
| learned helplessness | the helplessness and passive resignation someone learns when they cant control their environment |
| spotlight effect | overestimating others noticing you when they don't really notice |
| self esteem | one's feeling of self worth |
| self-serving bias | tendency to have an ego; overconfidence |
| Individualism | giving priority to own goals over group's goals |
| collectivism | giving priority to group's goals over own goals |
| terror-management theory | faith in ones worldview and pursuit of self esteem. provide protection against deeply rooted fear of death |
