Question | Answer |
Folate deficiency | -poor diet habits
-impaired abs. or met.
-incr during pregnancy |
Source of folate | -citrus -fresh veges
-not meat, eggs or dairy |
folate deficiency symptoms... | -anaemia (R&WBC dev. inhibited)
-effects DNA synthesis
-macrocyte,megablastic |
lack of folate during pregnancy | -anencephaly
-spinabifida
-require more folate |
Folic acid | -B9 -active co-factors derived important in C1 transfer rxns |
5 C1 transfer rxns | (1)serine&glycine (2)tryptophan (3)dUMP-->dTMP
(4)making purines (5)histidine |
Sulphonamides a structural.. | -analogue of (p-aminobenoic acid) PABA in folate
-more active in antibacterials |
Sulphanimides... | -compete with PABA -effect normal met. of folate
-ability to make nucleotides & nucleic acids
-humans don't make folate & aren't effected |
Folate reductase | -convert folate -->Di--Trihydrofolate |
Trimethoprim | -inhibits folate reductase -antibacterial compound |
methotrexate | - inhibits folate reductase -anticancer -effects human enzyme |
nucleotides | -nucleotide analogues inhibit RNA & DNA synthesis |
B12 deficiency symptoms | -similar to folate -nuerological(failure to form lipid sheath) , intestinal & hematopoietic symptoms |
B12 sources | -whole milk, eggs, oyster, shrimp, pork, chicken |
B12 deficiency *intrinsic factor | -B12 complex W intrinsic factor
-actively transported
-IF needed for transport |
Pernicous anemia | -malasorption leading to deficiency in B12
-injected into blood
-intestinal, nuerological & hematopoietic |