Question | Answer |
LCL, MCL, ACL | lateral collateral ligament, medial collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament |
LLE, LUE, RLE, RUE | left lower extremity, left upper extremity, right lower extremity, right upper extremity |
/alis | relating to |
/ate | that which is, chemical noun ending |
/clast | breaker or absorber |
/clisis | closure, surgical fusion (also /kleisis or /cleisis) |
/desis | surgical fusion or fixation |
/emesis, /emetic | vomiting |
/i | adjective form of /um, plural form of /us |
/ion | the act of |
/lucent, lucency | transmits light, a white spot on an x-ray |
/or (noun) | one that |
/sity, /city | the state of |
/ular | relating to |
/valgus, valgus | bent outward |
/varus, varus | bent inward |
/version | turned or a turning |
acetabul/o | vinegar cup |
acet/o | vinegar |
Achilles tendon | heel tendon (tendo calcaneous) |
acromion | lateral end of the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade) |
actin/o | ray |
adhes/o, adher/o | stuck to |
aerobic, anaerobic | living with oxygen, living without oxygen |
alveol/o | alveolus, alveoli (as it relates to MS system-portion of bone surrounding and supporting teeth) |
ambulat/o | walking |
amphi/ (pr. afee) | both sides, around or about, double |
ankyl/o | stiff, fused |
ap/ | ad/combined with p |
articul/o | jointed |
audit/o | ear or hearing |
bone parts | diaphysis, metaphysis, epiphysis, medullary canal, periosteal membrane |
calc/o | calcium |
calcane/o | calcaneous (relating to heel bone) |
campt/o | bent |
canals | haversion canals, Volkmann's canals (allow blood and nerve supply to bone) |
cancell/o | lattice (inner part of bone that has a spongy structure filled with marrow) |
canalicul/o | little canal |
capit/o | head, capitate |
capitulum | rounded articular extremity of a bone |
circum | around |
clas/o, clasia | destruction, fracture, surgical fracture |
cleid/o | clavicle |
coccyge/o | coccyx, coxa |
concha, conchae | shell-shaped bone |
condyl/o | knuckle |
congenital disease types | minimus, imperfecta, tarda, maximus, occulta |
contracture | Dupuytren's, Volkmann's (loss of muscular balance, loss of motion) |
crepitation | noise or vibration caused by rubbing bone or irregular cartilage together |
cribriform plate | bone lying behind nasal cavity through which smell travels to brain |
crista galli | attachment for the dural membrane lining the skull |
cruciat/o | crossed |
cyst | Baker's, bone |
di/, dipl/o | twice, used instead of bi/ for chemical names |
diploe | |
dis/ | reversal or seperation, twice |
disease | Paget's (or osteitis deformans), Hansen's, Albers-Schonberg, Legg-Calve-Perthes, Osgood-Schlatter |
dorsi/ | in a dorsal direction |
e/ | ex/, outward |
equin/o | horse, walking on toes like a horse |
fibul/o | fibula |
flaccid | relaxed, flabby or without tone |
fontanelle | anterior fontanelle, posterior fontanelle |
fracture | comminuted, greenstick, compression, Barton's, Colles' |
gangli/o | knot, ganglion |
genu | knee |
glen/o | shoulder, glenoid |
gout | metabolic disorder characterized by raised blood uric acid which causes severe arthritis (more common in men, usually inherited) |
hallux | great toe |
hamart/o | defect in tissue |
hamat/o | hooked, hamate, or uncinate bone |
humer/o | humerus |
hyster/o | uterus |
idiosyncratic | relating to a mental, behavioral, or physical peculiarity or abnormal reaction to a drug |
infarct, infarction | an area or dead tissue resulting from sudden insufficiency of blood supply |
kyph/o | hump |
lacrim/o | tear |
lacun/o | lake, lacuna, lacunae |
lamell/o | little layer, lamella, lamellae |
lepramat/o | leprosy (Hansen's disease) |
lig/a | ligament |
lord/o | concavity, hollow area |
lun/o | moon or moon-shaped |
luxat/o | slipped, dislocated |
malle/o, malleol/o | hammer, little hammer |
manubri/o | manubrium |
mast/o | breast or breast-shaped, mastoid process or sinus |
MCP, metacarpal-phalangeal, MTP, metatarsal- phalangeal | also metacarpophalangeal, metatarsalphalangel |
meat/o | hole or canal opening |
menisc/o | meniscus, crescent |
menopaus/o | menopause |
myci/o, mysi/o | muscle |
navicul/o | little boat, navicular |
nidus | nucleus or central point of origin of a nerve |
oblique | slantin; deviating from the planes of the body |
obturator | any structure that obstructs an opening |
odont/o | tooth or teeth, tooth-shaped |
olecranon | elbow bone, point of elbow |
palatine | relating to the palate (the bony and muscular partition between the oral and nasal cavities) |
pannus | a membrane of granulation tissue covering a normal surface (as in rheumatoid arthritus and other diseases) |
perone/o | peroneal tendon or nerve in leg |
phalang/o | phalanx, phalanges |
pigment/o | colored |
poikil/o, poiekyl/o | mottled |
process, processes | styloid, zygomatic, mastoid, palatine |
pronat/o | turn toward prone postion |
quadr/i, quadr/u | four or fourths |
RA | rheutoid arthritis |
ramus, rami | one of the primary divisions of a nerve or blood vessel or pa part of an irregularly shaped bone |
rheumat/o | watery discharge, rheumatic condition |
rickets | bone disease due to vitamin D deficiency that causes bone deformities |
/lemma | husk, membrane covering muscles and nerves |
sciatica | pain in lower back and hip radiating down back of thigh and into leg caused by herniated lumbar disc (not by nerve dysfunction as previously thought) |
scoli/o | curved |
sella turcica | Turkish saddle |
sequestr/o | separated |
sin/o, sinus/o | sinus, a cavity |
sinus | sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, mastoid |
snuffbox | (anatomic snuffbox) A hollow seen on the radial aspect of the wrist when the thumb is extended fully |
supinat/o | turn toward supine position |
syndrome | Albright's, Marfan, Reiter's, carpal tunnel |
erg/o | work |
tal/o | talus, heel |
taliped, talipes | club-foot |
tempor/o | timely, temporalis bone |
ten/o, tendin/o | tendon |
tophi | (pl. of tophus) A salivary calculus, or tartar |
trapezi/o | trapezius muscle |
trochant/o, trochanter/o | runner, part of femur |
trochle/o | pulley |
tuber/o | bulge, like a root |
uln/o | ulna |
vertebral levels | cervical=C1-C7 or C1-7, thoracic-T1-T12 or T1-12, lumbar=L1-L5 or L1-5 |
xiphoid | sword-shaped |
zygomatic/o, zyg/o | junction, zygooma bone |