Question | Answer |
What are the anotomical structures utilized to Assess atrial septal defect? | IVC, SVC, pulmonary veins, and coronary sinus |
What are the hemodynamic consequences of an ASD? | RV volume overload (RV/RA dilatation) |
List the associated anotomical abnormalities in ASD. | MVP, persistent LSCV, and anomalous pulmonary venous return. |
How can a true ASD be determined on an echocardiogram? | The image will be more echogenic and produce T-artifact. |
What is a T-artifact? | An artifact that gives edges of ASD brighter and broader image. |
Do all ASD's have t-artifact? | No. |
What modes can Paradoxical septal motion be seen? | 2-D and M-mode |
What is the preferred window and views to see ASD? | The subcostal four chamber and sagittal view. |
What does the subcostal sagittal view show of an ASD? | The indentification of the largest dimension of the ASD. |
What is the cause of paradoxical sepatal wall motion. | Right Ventricular volume overload |
Why is it hard to view ASD in the Apical 4 chamber? | Because teh atrial septum is aligned parallel with the ultrasound beam. |
What can be seen in the Apical 4 chamber view? | RA and RV dilatation can be seen in this view. |