Question | Answer |
earth science | science that studies earth and its neighbors. 4 types |
geology | study of solid earth. 2 types |
physical geology | materials that make up earth and possible explanations for the many processes that shape earth |
historical geology | timeline of physical and biological changes that have occured in the past |
oceanagraphy | study of oceans (waves and tides) |
meteorology | study of the atmosphere |
astrology | study of the universe |
scientific method | organized approach to solving problems |
state the problem | 1st step. always in question form, whats wrong? |
gather information | 2nd step. make measurments |
form your hypothesis | 3rd step. educated guess, guessing whats wrong |
test hypothesis | 4th step. try to fix the problem |
analyze data | 5th step. |
conclusion | 6th step. restate your hypothesis, tell if you were right or wrong and why |
spheres | there are 4 |
hydrosphere | all water on earth (71%) |
geosphere | layer of earth under the atmosphere and ocean (includes crust, mantle, outer core, inner core) |
atmosphere | life sustaining, thin, gaseus, envolope that surrounds earth, provides the air we breathe, protects us from the suns heat and radiation, without it life on our planet would not exist |
biosphere | all life forms on earth |
maps | there are 4 types, flat representation of earth |
mercader | used by sailors to navigate |
robinson | most commonly used |
conic | road and weather |
gnomic | used by pilots and sailors |
latitude | parallel, line that runs north-south, separates east and west, 0 degrees= equator, never touch |
longitude | meridian, line runs west-east, should look like we w!e, separates north and south, connect at poles, 0 degrees= prime meridian, 180 degrees= prime meridian |
prime meridian | is in the pacific ocean because no one lives there, adds one day west |
time zones | each time zone is 1 hour different, 1 every 15 degrees long, world=24 time zones, us= 4 not including hawaii |
topographic map | shows elevationn of earths surface using contour lines |
contour line | line used to show elevation, if lines are slose together=steep, if circles=hill/mountain, if circle with dash lines inside it=depression/hole |
contour interval | difference between one line and the next in elevation |
index interval | every 5th line is bold and numbered scale, distance on a map compared to the "real" distance |
legend | symbols and their meanings to help you read the map |