Question | Answer |
AKA | above the knee amputation |
BKA | below the knee amputation |
COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
FX. | fracture |
MI | myocardial infarction (heart attack) |
URI | upper respiratory infection |
UTI | urinary tract infection |
ADL | activities of daily living |
AD LIB | as desired |
BM | bowel movement |
CL.LIQ | clear liquids |
BP | blood pressure |
BRP | bathroom privileges |
BSC | bedside commode |
C/O | complains of |
DNR | do not resuscitate |
HOB | head of bed (30 degrees-have trouble breathing, respiratory infection, or feeding tube) |
HOH | hard of hearing |
HT. | height |
I&O | intake and output |
NPO | nothing by mouth (usually with HOB) |
O2 | oxygen |
PRN | as needed |
STAT | immediately, at once (it's life or death) |
VS | vital signs |
WT. | weight |
W/C | wheelchair |
OT | occupational therapy |
PT | physical therapy |
AC | before meal (think of A.M for AC) |
PC | after meal (think of P.M for PC) |
BID | 2 times a day (B=bi=2) |
TID | 3 times a day (T=tri=3) |
QID | 4 times a day (Q=quad=4) |
QD | every day |
HS | bedtime |
LBS. | pounds |
IN. | inches |
_
c | with |
_
s | without |
QOD | every other day |
Continent | the ability to control one's urine or bowel. |
Incontinent | the inability to control one's urine or bowel.
(must be assisted every 2 hours while they're awake and every 4 hours while asleep or you will be charged with neglect) |
Empathy | the ability to put yourself in one's shoes, to feel what someone else feels. |
Cognition | the ability to think logically and rationally, knowing and perceiving correctly. |
Paralysis | partial or complete loss of voluntary motion or sensation to a part of the body. |
Three Major C's of Privacy | curtain, call light, and comfort |
Ombudsman | a volunteer-government official protects the right of the patient. (between the facility and the patient) |
Invasion of Privacy | is exposing a resident's affairs without permission. |
False Imprisonment | is detaining a person against his/her will.
(Chemical & Physical are two different restraints) |
Aphasia | is a condition that results from damage to the part of the brain that controls speech. (This may happen after a stroke or severe brain trauma. |
Acute Care | is given to patients who need short term high technical care for a specified illness or injury. This type of care is given in hospitals. |
Sub acute care | is given to patients who need 24 hour skilled care but who are less acute than the patients in the hospital. This type of care is given in hospitals or nursing homes. |
Long term care | is given to patients who need 24 hour care for a long term illness or condition. This may be provided in a nursing home (sometimes called a skilled nursing facility) or a long term care facility.
The patient may or may not go home. |
Hospice care | is for patients who have a terminal illness or condition (usually less than 6 months expected life span). These services may be provided in a skilled nursing facility, hospice, or at a person's home. |
Assisted living care | is for patients who may need some assistance with daily tasks such as showering or bathing. They may also need assistance with medications. They usually do not require skilled care. |
Charting | is to make a record in tabular or graph form of the progress of a patient's condition.(Observation and reporting any physical or behavioral changes of a resident to the charge nurse.) |
Hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver, due usually to viral infection but sometimes to toxic agents. |
Hepatitis B | a DNA virus in the genus Orthohepadnavirus, family Hepadnaviridae; the causative agent of viral hepatitis type B.(It can live outside the body on a hard surface up to 5-7 days. HBV includes jaundice-yellowing of the eyes & stomach-flu like symptoms. |
Hepatitis A | an RNA virus, genus Hepatovirus, in the family Picornaviridae; the causative agent of viral hepatitis type A. (HAV is found in stool) |
Hepatitis C | a non-A, non-B RNA virus causing posttransfusion hepatitis; it a member of the family Flaviviridae. There are now tests to detect hepatitis C infection. (HCV is found in blood and symptoms consist of fatigue & abdominal pain.) |
Microorganisms | are organisms that are so small they they can only be seen with a microscope. (Most common types: viruses, bacteria, and fungi "germs")They are called our body's natural flora because they live naturally on skin, in the intestine, vagina, mouth, & etc. |
Direct transmission | person-to-person i.e kissing, sexual intercourse, via droplet when coughing withing 3 ft (goes into person's eye, mouth, nose) Ex: Chicken pox, Measles |
Indirect transmission | person to object to person. Objects include hands, soiled linen, dressing, contaminated food or water. Hands most common object of transmission. |
Airborne transmission | reservoir coughs microorganisms into the air and a susceptible host breathes them into the lungs. i.e Tuberculosis (TB) |
Reservoir | where organisms live in the human body, animals, plants, soil,food, & water |
PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
--ON-- | gown, mask, goggles, & gloves |
PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
--OFF-- | gloves, goggles, gown, mask |
Pathological wastes, lab cultures, liquid blood, and contaminated items that would release blood if compressed require special handling | disposed in red bags or bags labeled with the biohazard symbol. |
Cleaning | removal of soil from objects. Done with water, detergent and scrubbing. |
Disinfection | process eliminates most, but not all microorganism. Done with special chemicals sometimes combined with detergent. |
Sterilization | is the complete elimination of all microorganisms. i.e autoclave |
Can you die from AIDS? | No, you die from a secondary disease or infection. Ex: AIDS patient dies from pneumonia. |
Can you get infected with HIV through saliva? | No, because HIV cannot live outside of the body. |
Immobility | inability to move |
Meatus | urinary opening (private part) |
Grimace | facial expression exhibiting pain/discomfort |
Promptly | quickly; punctual |
Post Mortem | after death |
Reversible | condition that can change |
Heimlich Maneuver | abdominal thrust (severe choking) |
Sputum | thick secretions that can be coughed up |
Saliva | natural oral secretions |
Dementia | cognitive impairment |
Disorientation | not knowing person, place, or time. |
Tachycardia | HR > 100bpm (Tachy means to speed up) |
Bradycardia | HR < 60bpm (Usually when patient are lying down their HR is usually lower) |
Tachypnea | respiratory > 20/min |
Apnea | without breath |
Arrhythmia | without rhythm |