Question | Answer |
1) What was the outcome of the Battle of Tours? How did it affect Christianity? | The battle ended in the favor of Charles Martel, who, in driving out the Muslims, kept Christianity a thriving religion. |
2) Define Middle Ages. | The middle period of Western and European History. |
3) Who was Charlemagne? | The grandson of Charles Martel; the man who united everyone under one empire and was crowned empire. |
4) Name the three roots of the Middle Ages. | The Classical Heritage of Rome.
The Beliefs of the Roman-Catholic Church.
The Customs of Various Germanic Tribes. |
5) What are three ways civilization declined after the Roman Empire fell? | Loss of a common language, decline in learning, disruption of trade, downfall of cities, and population shifts. |
6) Define fief. | An amount of land given to a vassal from their lord. |
7) Define manor. | The lord's estate. |
8) Who were a knight's three masters? | His earthly lord, his heavenly lord, and his chosen lady. |
9) What were the three social classes of the feudal system? | Those who worked - the serfs - and those who prayed - the nobles - and those who fought - the knights. |
10) What were the obligations of a serf to their lord? | In return for shelter and food, they had to work and produce a stable profit for the lord and master of their manor. |
11) Define chivalry. | The code of conduct set for knights. |
12) What were the ideals knights were made to live by? | Compassion, bravery, loyalty and honesty, ecetera. |
13) Name the steps in the process of becoming a knight. | Page
Squire
Knight |
14) What were the qualifications needed for becoming a knight? | Males born of noble birth. |
15) Name two themes of medieval literature. | Love and knighthood. |
16) What were differences and similarities in the lives of a noblewoman and a peasant woman? | Although they were both in little power, peasant women worked long and hard with little education whereas a noblewoman had a cushier lifestyle and a better education. |
17) Define clergy. | Members of the church, including bishops and priests. |
18) What was the Holy Roman Empire's original name? | The Roman Empire of the German Nation. |
19) Why did lay investiture cause struggle between kings and popes? | It caused church officials to grow unhappier that kings had more control over clergy and their offices. |
20) What were matters covered my canon law? | Marriage, religious practices, and violation were a few matters covered by canon law. |
21) Which invading peoples caused turmoil in the 800s? | The Vikings, also known as Norsemen. |
22) What was Gelasius' two-swords theory? | One sword was politics and one sword was religion. Each sword was equal and bowed to the other. |
23) Define monastery. | Religious communities built by the Christians. |
24) Define vassal. | Someone who was given a fief, or land, by their lord. |
25) Define serf. | Someone who could not legally leave their birthplace. |
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