| Question |
Answer |
| Cranial Perfusion Pressure = _______+________ | Mean Arterial Pressure+Intracranial Pressure |
| Made up of 2 layers called the periosteal layer and meningeal layer | Dura Mater |
| Has filaments that anchor next layer to dura. It contains the vessels which run on top of the brain and is bathed in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). | Arachnoid Mater |
| Tissue layer (delicate and thin) that covers the entire surface of the brain. It dives into the sulcus grooves and adheres to the brain’s surface. | Pia Mater |
| Space between the skull and the dura | Epidural space |
| Space between the dura and the arachnoid | Subdural space |
| Prevent side to side motion of the spinal cord | Dentate ligaments |
| Attaches spinal cord to base of spinal column, and anchors it tightly | Filum terminale |
| Fluid fills between periosteum and dura. Looks like a round lens shaped filling. This is due to the fact that the dura gets pushed down into CNS | Epidural Hemorrhage |
| Fluid fills between dura and arachnoid layers. Will form a crescent shape, as the blood will follow the contour of the brain | Subdural Hemorrhage |
| Brain matter is forced underneath falx cerebri and cortex is squeezed along midline | Midline herniation |
| Uncus is pushed through cerebelli tentorium and puts pressure on the brainstem (mostly midbrain) | Uncal herniation |
| Cerebellar tonsils move downward through the foramen magnum, possibly causing lower brainstem compression and upper cervical spinal cord compression as they pass through the foramen magnum | Cerebellar Tonsils herniation |
| A series of interconnected, cerebral spinal fluid filled spaces that lie in the core of the forebrain and brainstem | The Ventricular System |
| connects lateral ventricles to 3rd ventricle at the midline of the brain | Foramen of Monro |
| connects 3rd and 4th ventricles | Cerebral aqueduct |
| connects 4th ventricle to subarachnoid space/cistern of great cerebral vein | Foramen of Luschka |
| connects 4th ventricle to subarachnoid space/cisterna magna | Foramen of Magendie |
| Opening in subarachnoid space that serves as a holding tank for CSF | Cistern |
| Area on the ventricles of the brain where CSF is produced | Choroid plexus |
| Pressure-driven pumps that dump CSF into venous space | Arachnoid granulations |
| Trace the flow of CSF | chorioid plexus→lateral ventricle→foramen of Monro→3rd ventricle → cerebral aqueduct→ 4th ventricle→cisterns→gets pushed out into arachnoid space→ arachnoid granulation→venous sinuses |
| When there is more than normal amount of CSF in brain | Hydrocephalus |
| Cells that control the substances and molecules that enter the brain. | Blood Brain Barrier |
| Local signaling where the chemical signal is broken down too quickly to travel throughout the body | Paracrine Signaling |
| Chemical signaling hormones are sent throughout the body to affect cells at a distant location through the vascular system – called neurohormones | Endocrine Signaling |
| Transmission of the signal is achieved through the use of gap junctions between neighboring cells, whereby passage of small molecules between the interconnected cells is allowed | Electrical Synaptic Signaling |
| Transmission of the neural signal is achieved by use of a chemical neurotransmitter | Chemical Synaptic Signaling |
| Acts just like native neurotransmitter | Agonist |
| Binds to native neurotransmitter receptor, but does nothing | Antagonist |
| Binds to native neurotransmitter receptor, has opposite effect | Inverse agonist |
Ch.18 LTI-MA 509
