Question | Answer |
Passive transport | Movement of substances through the cell membrane WITHOUT using energy |
Active transport | -Movement of substances throughout the cell membrane USING energy
-needed to move molecules that are to big or to move from lesser to higher |
Diffusion | Movement of MOLECULES from an high to low |
Osmosis | Movement of WATER from high to low |
Isotonic | Water enters and leaves at the same rate because concentration is equal both outside and inside the cell |
Hypertonic | Greater concentration of water inside the cell so water leaves the cell to create equal concentration |
Hpotonic | Greater concentration of water outside the cell so water enters the cell to create equal concentration |
Endocytosis | Part of the cell membrane forms vesicles and brings the particle INTO the cell membrane |
Exocytosis | Vesicle filled particle moves to cell membrane fuses with it and releases to outside cell |
Metabolism | All chemical reactions in an ORGANISM |
Enzymes | Proteins that speed up a chemical reaction without being changed or used up |
Substrate | Molecule an enzyme attaches to |
Photosynthesis | -Plants use chlorophyll to absorb sunlight
-Light energy is converted into chemical energy by producers...uses enzymes |
Photosynthesis equation | 6CO2+6H2O+energy--->C6H12O6+6CO2 |
Cellular respiration | Chemical reactions that break down glucose into simpler substances and release stored energy |
Cellular Respiriation 2 | a) starts in cytoplasm and then moves into mitochondria
b)uses oxygen
c)each time a glucose molecule is broken down, energy stored in its bonds is released |
Cellular Respiration Equation | C6H12O2+6O2--->6CO2+6H2O+energy |
Fermentation | -breakdown of glucose begins in cytoplasm and does not move into mitochondria
-occurs when oxygen is NOT present |
Waste products | Lactic Acid-formed in muscles after exercise
Alcohol and CO2-formed when yeast breaks down glucose |