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Ch 22 Science Vocab

Science Vocabulary Chap 22

QuestionAnswer
Is the passing of materials and energy from 1 organism to another food chain
food chains end with this, are usually bacteria or fungi that break down the remains of dead organisms and return this material to the soil decomposer
a method of illustrating the interrelationships between food chains in an ecosystem food web
used by ecologists to illustrate energy relationships in a food chain/it is divided into layers, each one represents a different type of organism in the food chain ecological pyramids
are organisms that eat plants herbivores
animals that eat other animals carnivores
is a very small organism, it obtains its energy and materials from the host (ex. fleas and ticks) parasite
the dried mass of the living matter in a given area of the habitat biomass
organisms that eat plants and animals omnivores
an animal that feeds on other animals predator
the animal that the predator eats prey
is one that exists without the aid of other members of the same species independent organism
forms when a number of animals from the same species live together (ex. school of fish) animal society
an insect that lives in a colony; the colony usually exhibits some division of labor (ex. ants, termites, wasps and bees) social insects
is the struggle between organisms for some essential factor that is in short supply in the environment competition
a relationship between 2 populations that benefits one and does not hurt or help the other commensalism
the animals that eat dead or decaying bodies scavengers
are plants that usually grow on the branches of trees but do not take nourishment from the trees epiphytes
a relationship between two populations that is beneficial to both mutualism
How does the original energy enter most ecosystems? Plants and algae receive sunlight
What is the smallest number of species that can be present in a food chain that includes a carnivore? three
What type of organism eats only plants? herbivore
Why is it a disadvantage for a parasite to kill its host? Parasites live off of their hosts - it obtains energy and materials from it's host.
What type of organism eats both plants and animals? omnivore
Give an example of an independent organism. spiders
Give an example of an animal that mates for life. wolves, termites, bald eagles
Give an example of a social insect other than bees. ants
What do schools, flocks, herds, and prides have in common? They are all animal societies
What type of relationship between species is beneficial to both? Predator-prey relationship
What kind of relationship does a lichen illustrate? parasite-host relationship
Does camouflage always consist of drab colors? Explain. No b/c the camouflage has to be a bright color to blend in with what could be a bright landscape.
Which of these are most often decomposer organisms? A. protozoans and algae B. insects and crustaceans C. birds and mammals D. fungi and bacteria D. fungi and bacteria
Which one of these would be highest on an ecological pyramid? A. Carnivore B. producer C. herbivore D. prey A. Carnivore
True or False. Some predators may also become prey for other predators. True
Which of these is NOT a social insect? A. ant B. fruit fly C. termite D. wasp B. fruit fly
True or False. Competition occurs between populations of different species, but not within a population of the same species. False
The relationship between a wolf and a magpie, which picks the meat off the bones of a deer after a wolf has eaten its fill, is best described as... A. mutualism B. competition C. commensalism D. parasitism C. commensalism
In the above example, the magpie would be considered a ... A. scavenger B. parasite C. host D. partner A. scavenger
Epiphytes are ___________________. plants that depend on other plants
Which of these is an example of obligatory mutualism? A. lions and vultures B. ants and aphids C. bromeliads and salamanders D. termites and digestive protozoans D. termites and digestive protozoans
A colorful poison dart frog is a good example of _______________. warning coloration
Created by: bgpalmers
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