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Chemists
Chemists You Gotta Know
| Nationality and Date | Description | Name |
|---|---|---|
| English, 1778-1829 | Discovered the new metals potassium, sodium, barium, strontium, calcium, and magnesium, invented safe lamp for use in gassy coalmines | Sir Humphry Davy |
| English, 1733-1804 | pioneer of chemistry of gases, and one of the discoverers of oxygen, Presbyterian minister | Joseph Priestly |
| American, b. 1901 | Won Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 for work on chemical bonding and on molecular structure, also worked on inorganic complexes, protein structure, antibodies, and molecular basis of some genetic diseases | Linus Pauling |
| German, 1811-99 | Shared discovery of spectrum analysis, which led to the discovery of cesium, rubidium, and other new elements, invented a burner and galvanic battery | Robert Bunsen |
| talian, 1776-1856 | Formulated law named after him: equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of molecules, when at same temperature and pressure | Amedeo Avogadro |
| Russian, 1834-1907 | Formulated periodic law, predicted existence of several elements, element no. 101 named for him | Dmitri Mendeleyev |
| German, 1868-1934, | Invented process for synthesis of ammonia from hydrogen and atmospheric nitrogen in the air, thus overcoming shortage of natural nitrate deposits accessible to German explosives industry in WWI | Fritz Haber |
| English, 1813-1898 | Patented the process by which molten pig-iron can be turned directly into steel by blowing air through it in an eponymous converter | Sir Henry Bessemer |
| English, 1766-1844 | Atomic theory elevated chemistry to a science, researched gases, law of partial pressures is named after him, first described color blindness | John Dalton |
| French, 1743-1794 | known as founder of modern chemistry, discovered and named oxygen, and proved its importance in respiration | Antoine Lavoisier |
| Swedish, 1859-1927 | Best known for work on dissociation theory of electrolytes and reaction rates, first to recognize "greenhouse effect" on climate. Won the Nobel prize in Chemistry in 1903 | Svante Arrhenius |
| English, 1731-1810 | Discovered the extreme levity of inflammable air and ascertained that water is the result of the union of two gases. Eponymous experiment to estimate the density of the Earth | Henry Cavendish |
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