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Cardio Module Drugs

Cardio Drugs

QuestionAnswer
Unfractionated Heparin Standard of Care Preventative 5000 U SC BID (moderate risk) or TID (High risk). Measure with aPTT(1.5-2.5 mean normal value) or ACT (for ACS)
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) LMWH, prevention dose 30 mg q 12h treatment dose 1 mg/kg bid or 1.5 mg/kg QD LMWH,safer than UFH, less chance of HIT, measure with Anti Xa activity if necessary, avoid in pt. with pork allergy
Tinzaparin (Innohep) Not approved for VTE prevention 175 U/kg SC QD
Dalteparin (Fragmin) prophylactic 2500-5000 U SC QD
Fondaparinux (Arixtra) Xa inhibitor, only for VTE, Won't cause HIT but can cause thrombocytopenia, preventative dose 2.5 mg, treatment dose 7.5 mg SC QD(for patients between 50-100 kg.) Measure with Anti Xa activity
Direct Thrombin Inhibitors (IV) Bivalirudin (angiomax) for example Expensive, and continuous IV infusion Only used it pt. with HIT
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) Oral Xa inhibitor. Stroke prophylaxis in Afib and DVT prophylaxis in knee/hip replacement 10 mg PO qd 10 mg PO
Dabigatran (Pradaxa) Oral Direct thrombin inhibitor, only for Stroke prophylaxis in Afib, quick onset/no overlap
Warfarin (Coumidan) Primary Oral Anticoagulant, Vitamin K antagonist, not immediate, steady state around 14 days, measure with PT or INR (2-3 or 2.5-3.5 in high risk), contraindicated in pregnancy,
Protamine Sulfate Antidote for UFH and LMWH
Vitamin K Antidote for Warfarin INR 5-9 = 1-2.5 mg PO, >9(w/ no bleeding) = 2.5-5 mg PO, super serious!!=10 mg IV
HCTZ (Hydrodiuril) Thiazide diuretic, first line for uncomplicated HTN (12.5-50 mg QD, 25 is max effective), Don't use w/ low CrCl (<30)
Furosemide (Lasix) Loop diuretic, Daily dose 40-240 mg/ BID-TID, effective on pt. with kidney damage
Triamterine (Dyrenium or Maxzide, which also contains HCTZ) Potassium sparing Diuretic, 25-100 mg QD, decreases SCr,
Spironolactone (Aldactone) Aldosterone receptor blocker, K sparing, 25-50 mg QD-BID, Gynecomastia
Aliskiren (Tekturna) Renin inhibitor, 150-300 mg QD, angioedema, hyperkalemia (esp. in diabetes w/ ACE-I), contraindicated in pregnancy
Reserpine (Serpasil) peripheral adrenergic inhibitor, .05-.25 mg QD, nasal congestion and sedation, rarely used
Clonidine (Catapres) Central Alpha(2) agonist, .2-1.2 mg BID-TID, rebound hypertension, bradycardia, impaired cognitive function in elderly
Doxazosin (Cardura) Alpha blocker, 1-16 mg QD (HS), hypotension and 1st dose syncope, also for BPH
Atenolol (Tenormin) Selective B1 blocker, 25-100 mg QD
Propranolol (Inderal) Non-selective Beta blocker, 40-480 mg BID,
Carvedilol (Coreg) Combined alpha/beta blocker, 12.5-50 mg BID, postural hypotension
Minoxidil (Loniten) Direct vasodilator, 5-100 mg QD, orthostatic hypotension, headaches, hirsuitism.
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin) Non Dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker, 90-480 QD-BID, impaired cardiac conduction (Don't use w/ HF!!), constipation.
Diltiazem (Tiazac,Cardizem) Non Dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker 120-360 QD-BID, Impaired cardiac conduction (don't use w/ HF)
Amlodipine (Norvasc) Dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker, 2.5-10 mg QD, ankle edema, flushing, headache
Lisinopril (Zestril, Prinivil) ACE-I, 5-40 mg QD, cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema, Contraindicated in pregnancy
Valsartan (Diovan) Angiotensin II receptor blocker, 80-320 mg QD, same side effects as ACE-I except cough, contraindicated in pregnancy
Created by: oupharm2013
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