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Venipuncture Test 2
Chapter's 6 7 8 9
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is an adverse reaction? | Any unwanted effect |
What is the normal adult range creatinine levels? What is the optimal reading? | Normal adult range for creatinine is 0.7-1.4 mg/dl. The optimal reading is 1.05 mg/dl. |
What is normal adult range BUN levels? What is the optimal reading? | Normal adult range for BUN levels is 7-25 mg/dl. The optimal reading is 16 mg/dl. |
What are some mild adverse reactions? | Nausea/vomiting, warmth, itching, anxiety, anxiety. |
What are some moderate adverse reactions? | Tachycardia/Bradycardia, Dyspnea, larynegal edema, bronchospasm/wheezing. |
What are some sever adverse reactions? | Sever laryngeal edema, cardiopulmonary arrest, unresponsiveness. |
What is Metformin? What must a patient taking Metformin do prior to receiving contrast media? What must the patient taking Metformin/Glucophage d after the exam? | AKA: Glucophag; a drug used for non insulin dependent dianetes. A patient using Glucophage/Metformin needs to withhold use for 48 hours prior to recieving contrast. The patient must withhold use of Metformin/Glucophage for 48 hours after the exam. |
What are the 4 H's? | HISTORY (patient's history), HYDRATION (elderly, newborns), HAVE (have equipment & personnel ready), HEADS UP (know patient's condition, note changes). |
What is an extravasation? What is effective treatment of an extravasation? What is a hematoma? | Extravasation is leakage of contrast into the tissues surrounding the vein. Elevation of the extremity above the heart, apply cold pack to the site. A hematoma is a swelling of blood beneath the tissue, not contrast. |
What is an air embolism? What can happen? What amount may cause an air embolism? What is the treatment for an air embolism? | Air that is entered into the venous system causing a blockage with cardiopulmonary arrest. 3-8 ml of air. Treatment is administration of 100% O2 (hyperbaric recommended) with the patient in a LLD postion. |
What is the infection cycle? | pathological organism, reservoir of infection, portal of exit, mode of transportation, portal of entry, susceptible host. |
What is an organ specific adverse effect? An example for the following.... Adrenal glands, Respiratory system, GI tract, Heart, Kidney? | Isolated effects speficic to each organ. Adrenal glands: hypertension, Respiratory system: pulmonary edema, GI tract: nausea/vomiting, Heart: hypotension, Kidney: hypertension. |