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chap.six
Question | Answer |
---|---|
plate | large section of earths crust and rigid upper mantle that moves around on the asthenosphere. |
fault | surface along which rocks move when they past thier elastic linit and break |
earthquake | vibrations produced when rocks break along a fault. |
normal fault | break in rock caused by tension forces where rock above the fault surface moves down relative to the rock below the fault surface |
reverse fault | break in rock caused by compressive forces where rock above the fault surface moves upward relative to rock above the fault surface moves upward ralative to rock below the fault surface |
strike slip fault | break in rock caused by shear forces where rocks move past each otherwithout much vertical movement. |
wave | rhytimic movement that carries energy through matter and space |
siesmic wave | wave generated by an earthquake |
faults | in an earthquake the point below earths surface |
primary wave | seismic wave that moves rock particles at right angles to the direction ob of the wave |
secondary eave | seismic wave that moves rock particles at right angles to the direction on of the wave. |
surface wave | seismic wave that moves rock particles up and down in a backward rolloing motion and side to side in a swaying motion |
epicenter | point on earths surface directly above an earthquakes |
seismograph | instrument used to register earthquake waves and record the time that each arrived |
crest | highest point of waves |
magnitude | measure of the energy released during an earthquaje |
liquefaction | occurs when wet soil acts more like a liquid during an earthquake |
tsunami | seismic sea wave that begins over an earthquake focus and can be highly destructive when it crashes on shore. |