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Ch. 5 Igneous Rocks
Question | Answer |
---|---|
formed from the crystallization of magma | igneous rocks |
fine-grained igneous rocks that cool quickly on Earth's surface | extrusive |
coarse-grained igneous rocks that cool slowly beneath Earth's surface | intrusive |
The four factors that affect magma formation | temperature, pressure, water content, and mineral content |
70 SiO2 content | Rhyolitic |
60 SiO2 content | Andesitic |
50 SiO2 content | Basaltic |
The process whereby some minerals melt at low temperatures while other minerals remain solid | partial melting |
The process wherein different minerals form at different temperatures | fractional crystallization |
This illustrates the relationship between cooling magma and mineral formation | Bowen's reaction series |
Rocks that are light-colored, high silica contents | felsic |
Rocks that are dark colored, low silica content | mafic |
Igneous rocks with low silica content and very high levels of magnesium and iron | ultramafic |
This texture has large, well-formed crystals surrounded by finer-grained crystals of the same mineral or different mineral | porphyritic |
vein deposits of extremely large-grained minerals that can contain rare ores such as lithium and beryllium | pegmatites |