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A&P Chapter 1 parts
vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Superior | Cranial; towards the head |
Inferior | caudal; away from the head, towards the feet |
Ventral | anterior; towards the front of the body |
Dorsal | posterior; towards the back of the body |
Medial | Toward/at the midline of the body |
Lateral | Away from the midline of the body |
Intermediate | Between medial and lateral |
Proximal | Closer to the origin (For limbs) point of attachment |
Distal | Farther from the origin |
Superficial | External; toward or at the body surface |
Deep | internal |
Nasal | nose |
Oral | mouth |
Cervical | neck |
Acromial | point of shoulder |
Axillary | Armpit |
Abdominal | Abdomen |
Brachial | Arm |
Antecubital | front of elbow |
Antebrachial | forearm |
Pelvic | Pelvis |
Carpal | wrist |
Pollex | thumb |
Palmar | palm |
Digital | fingers/toes |
Pubic | genital region |
Patellar | Anterior knee |
Crural | leg |
Pedal | foot |
Tarsal | ankle |
Frontal | forehead |
Orbital | eye |
Buccal | cheek |
Mental | chin |
Sternal | breastbone |
Thoracic | chest |
Mammary | breast |
Umbilical | navel |
Coxal | hip |
Inguinal | groin |
Femoral | thigh |
Fibular | peroneal; side of leg |
Hallux | big toe |
Cephalic | head |
Manus | hand |
Otic | ear |
Occipital | back of head or base of skull |
Vertebral | spinal column |
Scapular | shoulder blade |
Dorsum | dorsal; back |
Olecranal | back of elbow |
Lumbar | loin |
Sacral | between hips |
Gluteal | buttock |
Perineal | region between the anus and external genitalia |
Popliteal | back of knee |
Sural | calf |
Calcaneal | heel |
Plantar | sole |
Sagittal Plane | divides the body into left and right parts |
Median Plane | midsagittal plane divides the body in half down the midline |
Parasagittal Plane | all Sagittal planes except the median plane |
Frontal Planes | coronal plane; divide the body into anterior and posterior parts |
Transverse Plane | horizontal plane; divides the body into superior and inferior parts |
Dorsal body cavity | cranial cavity + vertebral cavity |
Cranial cavity | in the skull, encases the brain |
Vertebral cavity | spinal cavity, inside the bony vertebral column encloses the spinal cord |
Ventral body cavity | thoracic cavity + abdominopelvic |
Viscera | Visceral organs; internal organs housed by the ventral body cavity |
Thoracic cavity | surrounded by ribs and muscles; pleural cavities + mediastinum |
Pleural cavities | envelopes each lung |
Mediastinum | contains the pericardial cavity, surrounds esophagus, trachea and other thoracic organs |
Pericardial cavity | encloses the heart |
Abdominopelvic cavity | diaphragm separates it from the thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity + pelvic cavity |
Abdominal cavity | contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver, and other organs. |
Pelvic cavity | lies in the bony pelvis, holds the bladder, some reproductive organs, and the rectum |
Serosa | serous membrane; covers the walls of the central body cavity and the outer surface of the organs. |
Parietal serosa | part of the serous membrane that lines the cavity walls. |
Visceral serosa | the part of the serous membrane that folds on its self covering the organs. |
Serous fluid | secreted by the serous membranes, allows the organs to slide without friction across cavity walls. |
Oral and digestive cavities | the oral cavity, contains the teeth and tongue this is part of the digestive organs which opens to the exterior at the anus |
Nasal cavity | within and posterior to the nose. Part of respiratory system |
Orbital cavities | houses the eyes and presents them in an anterior position |
Middle ear cavities | the middle ear cavities carved into the skull lie just medial to the eardrums. These cavities contain tiny bones that transmit sound |
Synovial cavities | joint cavities, enclosed within fibrous capsules that surround freely moveable joints of the body. |