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Chapter 2 Section 1
Composition of Matter
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Matter | anything that takes up space and has mass |
Mass | the quantity of matter an object has |
Element | substances that cant be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter |
Atom | the simplest part of an element that retains all of the properties of that element |
nucleus | the central region that makes up the bulk of the mass of the atom and consists two kinds of subatomic particles |
Proton | a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom; teh number of protons in the nucleus is the atomic number, which determines the identity of the element |
Neutron | a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is located in teh nucleus of an atom |
atomic number | the number of protons in an atoms nucleus |
mass number | the sum of the numbers protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
electron | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge |
orbital | a region in an atom wher there is a high probability of finding electrons |
isotopes | atoms of teh same element that have a different number of neutrons |
Compounds | a substance made up of atoms of two or more differnt elements joined by chemical bonds |
Chemical Bonds | the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together |
Covalent Bonds | a bond formed by when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
molecule | a group of atoms that are held together by chemical forces; a molecule is teh smallest unit of matter that can exist by itself and retain all of a substances chemical properties |
ion | an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive reaction |
ionic bond | the attractive force between oppositely charged ions, which form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another |