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7J Elect @ AJHS NZ

7J Electricity

QuestionAnswer
ammeter Measures how much electricity is flowing around a circuit. Placed in series.
amp (A) The unit for current. Number of electrons per second passing through.
atom The smallest part of an element.
cell A source of electricity with a low ‘energy’. Cells push electrons round a circuit so each can carry energy [voltage].
circuit A complete loop that electricity flows around.
component Something in a circuit, like a bulb, switch or motor.
conductor A material that lets electricity flow through it. All metals and graphite.
earth wire The green and yellow wire in a cable or plug.
electric current The flow of electrons around a circuit from a region of high potential [big bar] to a region of low potential [little bar.
electric shock When electricity flows through the body.
electrical energy The kind of energy carried by electricity.
electron Tiny negative particle that flows around a circuit.
filament Thin piece of wire inside a light bulb that glows when electricity is flowing through it.
fuse A piece of wire that melts if too much electricity flows through it.
impulse Electrical signal carried by a nerve cell.
insulator A material that does not let electricity flow through it.
live wire The brown wire in a cable or plug.
mains (electricity) Alternating current at 230 V provided to houses, shops etc.
model A scientific way of thinking about how things happen.
nerve Carries messages around the body.
neutral wire The blue wire in a cable or plug.
parallel circuit A circuit with two or more wires running next to each other.
power pack A source of electricity with a low energy (low voltage).
resistance A way of saying how difficult it is for electricity to flow through something.
resistor A component that makes it difficult for electricity to flow – resistors are used to control the size of the current in a circuit.
series circuit A circuit where there is only one loop of wire.
switch Turns electricity on or off, by closing or opening a gap in a circuit.
variable resistor A resistor that can be adjusted to change the amount of resistance it has.
voltage A way of saying how much energy is transferred by electricity. Joules per electron bundle.
voltmeter Feels either side of a component. Measures how much energy is transferred by electricity.
closed circuit complete pathway that electricity flows through
open circuit incomplete path that does NOT let electricity flow through
conductor material that electricity travels through (water, human, metal, air)
insulator material that electricity does NOT travel through (plastic, rubber, wood, concrete, dirt)
series circuit ONE pathway, but it passes through several bulbs before it gets back to the battery;if one bulb is disconnected, they all go out.
parallel circuit MORE THAN ONE circuits that run next to each other; more than one path of electricity and if one bulb is disconnected, the rest stay lit because each circuit has its own connection
Switch something that can stop electricity from flowing and allow electricity to flow; opens or closes a circuit
circuit breaker prevents a fire when too much electricity flows through a closed circuit by breaking and opening the circuit; purpose is to prevent a fire
Created by: johncl
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