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SRGT Ch15 Terminolog

Endocrine System Ch15 Terminology

QuestionAnswer
endocrine glands (crin/o) ductless glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
pituitary gland/hypophysis -master gland -located behind the optic nerve
anterior lobe/ adenohypophysis aden/o, hypophys/o
posterior lobe/ neurohypophysis neur/o, hypophys/o
thyroid gland (thyroid/o) -located in the anterior part of the neck -regulation of metabolism -control of calcium deposited in bones (calcitonin)
regulation of metabolism -tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine) -triiodothyronine
parathyroid glands (parathyroid/o) -four small glands located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland -regulate calcium in the bloodstream
adrenal glands / suprarenals (adren/o) -located on top of each kidney
adrenal cortex external portion (secretes steroids)
adrenal medulla internal portion (sympathomimetic hormones
pancreas (pancreat/o) -located inferior and posterior to the stomach
exocrine function of the pancreas... release digestive enzymes through a duct into the small intestines
endocrine function of the pancreas... regulate glucose in the blood by stimulating the liver (Islets of Langerhans)
thymus gland (thym/o) -located in the mediastinum above the heart -responsible for stimulating key cells for immune response
ovaries and testes female and male gonads (reproductive functions)
pineal gland -located in the center of the brain -secretion of melatonin
anorexia lack of appetite
exophthalmia protrusion of eyeballs from their orbits
goiter enlargement of the thyroid gland, not due to tumor
hirsutism abnormal hairiness, especially in women
paresthesia abnormal sensation such as prickling
tetany continuous muscle spasms
hypocalcemia condition of deficient calcium in the blood
hypercalcemia excessive calcium in the blood
hypoglycemia condition of deficient sugar in the blood
hyperglycemia excessive sugar in the blood
hypokalemia condition of deficient potassium in the blood
hyperkalemia excessive potassium in the blood
SIADH syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
hyperthyroidism -Graves disease -thyrotoxicosis
hypothyroidism -cretinism -myxedema
RAI radioactive iodine uptake scan
adrenalectomy bilateral removal of the adrenal glands to reduce excess hormone secretion
hypophysectomy excision of the pituitary gland
pancreatectomy excision of the pancreas
parathyroidectomy excision of the parathyroid gland
thyroidectomy excision of the thyroid gland
Created by: alyseg
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