Joints formed by a convex surface within a concave surface permitting movement in two planes, ex. wrist
Ellipsoidal joints
Condylar joints
Glinding joints
Formed by two flat surfaces coming together allowing side to side, back and forth movement and rotation, ex. intercarpal joints
Saddle joints
Formed by two saddle shaped surfaces allowing stabilized movement in two planes, ex. carpometacarpal joint in the thumb
Ball and socket joints
Formed by a round, convex surface in a socket or cavity allowing movement in all planes, ex. shoulder
Pivot joints
Formed by a cone shaped surface articulating with a concave notch of another bone allowing rotation only, ex. axis to atlas
Flexion
Bending movement that reduces the angle of a joint
Extension
Increases the angle of the joint
Hyperextension
Increasing the angle of the joint past 180 degrees, ex. looking up at the sky
Abduction
Moving away from the midline of the body
Adduction
Moving towards the midline of the body
Supination
Rolling the forearm so the palm faces anteriorly
Pronation
Rolling the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly
Rotation
Movement around the long axis of the bone
Lateral rotation
Rotating the anterior segment of the bone laterally
Medial rotation
Rotating the anterior segment of the bone medially
Right and left rotation
Rotation of the trunk or neck to the right or left
Circumduction
Circular or cone shaped movement involving a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, ex. drawing a circle on a chalkboard with a straight elbow
Elevation
Lifting a body part upwards
Depression
Moving a body part downwards
Dorsiflexion
Pulling the top or dorsal surface of the foot upwards
Plantar flexion
Pointing the plantar surface of the foot downwards
Eversion
Rolling the sole of the foot to face more laterally
Inversion
Rolling the sole of the foot to face more medially
Protraction
Moving a body part forward
Retraction
Moving a body part backward
Horiziontal abduction
Moving an abducted part of the body backward, ex. lowering the body in a push-up
Horizontal adduction
Moving and abducted body part forward, ex. pushing the body up in a push-up
Lateral flexion
Bending the trunk or neck laterally
Nuchal ligament
Binds spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae together
Acromioclavicular ligament
Binds the distal end of the clavicle with the acromion process
Transverse carpal ligament
Covers the tendons for the wrist and finger flexors
Flexor retinaculum
Transverse carpal ligament
Anterior cruciate ligament
Connects the femur to the tibia
Medial collateral ligament
Connects the tibia tot eh femur
Anterior talofibular ligament
Binds the distal fibula with the talus
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Covers the anterior side of the vertebrae
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Situated within the vertebral canal, and extends along the posterior surfaces of the bodies of the vertebræ, from the body of the axis, where it is continuous with the membrana tectoria, to the sacrum
Ligamentum flavum
Between lamina of adjacent vertebrae
Supraspinous ligament
Between spinous processes
Ligamentum nuchae
Nuchal ligament
Interspinous ligaments
From one spinous processes to another
Intertransverse ligaments
Between transverse processes
Ipsilateral
Same side (movement)
Ipsiflexor
Same side (movement)
Contralateral
Affects opposite side (twist, movement)
Contraflexor
Affects opposite side (twist, movement)
Unilateral
One side only contracting (movement)
Uniflexor
One side only contracting (movement)
Bilateral
Both sides
Radial deviation
Towards the radius (supination, abduction)
Ulnar deviation
Towards the ulna (pronation, adduction)
Lateral rotation of scapula
Upward
Medial rotation of scapula
Downward
Opposition
Bringing the thumb to touch the tips of the fingers of the same hand
MedTemCP5 Word+Pics
