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EBP 2
data collection
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Observation Advantages: | Provides detailed, context related information |
Observation Advantages | Permits collection of information on items not mentioned in an interview |
Observation Advantages | May be particularly effective to collect behavioral data |
Observation Disadvantages: | May be time consuming |
Observation Disadvantages | Confidentiality issues |
Observation Disadvantages | Potential for observer bias |
Observation Disadvantages | Potential for the presence of the observer to influence the observed situation |
Observation Disadvantages | Controls must be used to limit environmental influences from skewing data |
Observation Disadvantages | Recordings of the observations must be systematic and standardized |
Interview Advantages: | Permits clarification of answers: |
Interview Advantages: | Higher response rate than written questionnaires |
Interview Advantages | Suitable for literate and illiterate subjects |
Interview Disadvantages: | High labor costs |
Interview Disadvantages | Presence of the interviewer can influence responses |
Interview Disadvantages | Interviewers may require special training |
Using existing information Advantages: | Cost effective since data already exists |
Using existing information Advantages | Allows examination of trends over time |
Using existing information Disadvantages: | Confidentiality issues |
Using existing information Disadvantages | Information may be incomplete or imprecise |
Using existing information Disadvantages | Data is not always accessible or in a complete form |
Using existing information Disadvantages | Available records may not accurately represent sample |
Written questionnaire Advantages: | Permits anonymity and therefore may result in more valid responses |
Written questionnaire Advantages | Less expensive than more labor intensive data collection techniques such as interviewing |
Written questionnaire Advantages | Able to minimize bias by phrasing questions differently with different respondents |
Written questionnaire Advantages | Provides a form of standardization |
Written questionnaire Disadvantages: | Cannot be used with illiterate subjects |
Written questionnaire Disadvantages | Low response rates |
Written questionnaire Disadvantages | Questions may be misinterpreted |
Written questionnaire Disadvantages | Need homogenous group if response rate is low |
Historical research: | Investigating, recording, analyzing, and interpreting the events of the past for the purpose of discovering generalizations that are helpful in understanding the past, the present, and to a limited extent, anticipating the future. |
Descriptive research: | Recording, analyzing, and interpreting conditions that exist. Descriptive research involves some type of comparison or contrast and attempts to discover relationships between existing and non-manipulated variables. |
Experimental research: | A description of what will result when certain variables are carefully controlled or manipulated. The focus is on variable relationships. |