Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or

show password
Forgot Password?

Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or

Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account.
Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

integ4 ulcers

QuestionAnswer
Pressure Ulcer Unrelieved pressure deprives the tissues of oxygen which causes ischemia, subsequent cell death, and tissue necrosis
Pressure Ulcer High risk areas for pressure ulcers include the occiput, heels, greater trochanters, ischial tuberosities, sacrum, and epicondyles of the elbow
Pressure Ulcer Impaired cognition, poor nutrition, altered sensation, incontinence, decreased lean body mass, and infection contribute to the development of a pressure ulcer
The integumentary system (or skin) is the largest organ within the body and consists of the dermal and epidermal layers, hair follicles, nails, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.
Each layer is stratified into several layers.
The dermis is known as the true skin, is well vascularized, and is characterized as elastic, flexible, and tough.
The epidermis is avascular and consists of the outermost layer of skin.
prominences Supine: Occiput, spine of the scapula, inferior angle of scapula, vertebral spinous processes, medial epicondyle of humerus, posterior iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx, heel
prominences Prone: Forehead, anterior portion of acromion process, anterior head of humerus, sternum, anterior superior iliac spine, patella, dorsum of foot
prominences Sidelying: Ears, lateral portion of acromion process, lateral head of humerus, lateral epicondyle of humerus, greater trochanter, head of fibula, lateral malleolus, medial malleolus
prominences Sitting (Chair): Spine of the scapula, vertebral spinous processes, ischial tuberosities
Stage I An observable pressure related alteration of intact skin whose indicators as compared to an adjacent or opposite area on the body may include changes in skin color, skin temperature, skin stiffness or sensation.
Stage II A partial-thickness skin loss that involves the epidermis and/or dermis. The ulcer is superficial and presents clinically as an abrasion, a blister or a shallow crater.
Stage III A full-thickness skin loss that involves damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to, but not through, underlying fascia. The ulcer presents clinically as a deep crater with or without undermining adjacent tissue.
Stage IV A full-thickness skin loss with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis or damage to muscle, bone or supporting structures (e.g., tendon, joint capsule).
Wounds resulting from arterial insufficiency occur . secondary to ischemia from inadequate circulation of oxygenated blood often due to complicating factors such as atherosclerosis
Wounds resulting from venous insufficiency occur secondary to inadequate functioning of the venous system resulting in inadequate circulation and eventual tissue damage and ulceration.
Pressure ulcers, often called decubitus ulcers, result from sustained or prolonged pressure at levels greater than the level of capillary pressure on the tissue. Pressure against the skin over a bony prominence results in localized ischemia and/or tissue necrosis.
Factors contributing to pressure ulcers include shear, moisture, heat, friction, medication, muscle atrophy, malnutrition, and debilitating medical conditions.
Neuropathic ulcers are a secondary complication . usually associated with a combination of ischemia and neuropathy
Most often neuropathic ulcers are associated with diabetes. Neuropathic ulcers are frequently found on the plantar surface of the foot, often beneath the metatarsal heads. neuropathic ulcers The wound is typically well defined by a prominent callus rim.
neuropathic ulcers The wound has good granulation tissue and little or no drainage. Patients rarely report pain with neuropathic ulcers in part due to altered sensation.
neuropathic ulcers Pedal pulses are most often diminished or absent.
neuropathic ulcers The distal limb may appear to be shiny and appear somewhat cool to touch. The periwound skin often appears to be dry or cracked.
Factors Influencing Wound Healing There are a variety of factors that are not inherent to the actual wound that can significantly impact the rate and degree of wound healing.
Factors Influencing Wound Healing Age: A decreased metabolism in older adults tends to decrease the overall rate of wound healing.
Factors Influencing Wound Healing Illness: Compromised medical status such as cardiovascular disease may significantly delay healing. This often results secondary to diminished oxygen and nutrients at the cellular level.
Factors Influencing Wound Healing Infection: An infected wound will impact essential activity associated with wound healing including fibroblast activity, collagen synthesis, and phagocytosis.
Factors Influencing Wound Healing Lifestyle: Regular physical activity results in increased circulation that enhances wound healing. Lifestyle choices such as smoking negatively impacts wound healing by limiting the blood’s oxygen carrying capacity.
Factors Influencing Wound Healing Medication: There are a variety of pharmacological agents that can negatively impact wound healing. Medications falling into this category include steroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, heparin, antineoplastic agents, and oral contraceptives. Undesirable physiologic effe
Abrasion: An abrasion is a wound that occurs from the scraping away of the surface layers of the skin, often as a result of trauma.
Contusion: A contusion is an injury in which the skin is not broken. The injury is characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration.
Hematoma: A hematoma is a swelling or mass of blood localized in an organ, space or tissue, usually caused by a break in a blood vessel.
Laceration: A laceration is a wound or irregular tear of tissues that is often associated with trauma.
Penetrating wound: A penetrating wound is a wound that enters into the interior of an organ or cavity.
Puncture: A puncture is a wound that is made by a sharp pointed instrument or object by penetrating through the skin into underlying tissues.
Ulcer: An ulcer is a lesion on the surface of the skin or the surface of a mucous membrane, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory, necrotic tissue.
Red-Yellow-Black System Description Red Pink granulation tissue
Red-Yellow-Black System Red Goals Protect wound; maintain moist environment
Red-Yellow-Black System Description Yellow Moist yellow slough
Red-Yellow-Black System Goals Yellow Debride necrotic tissue; absorb drainage
Red-Yellow-Black System Description Black Black, thick eschar firmly adhered
Red-Yellow-Black System Goals Black Debride necrotic tissue
Arterial Ulcers Lower one-third of leg, toes, web spaces (distal toes, dorsal foot, lateral malleolus)
Arterial Ulcers Smooth edges, well defined; lack granulation tissue; tend to be deep
Arterial Ulcers Severe pain
Arterial Ulcers pedal pulses Diminished or absent
Arterial Ulcers edema Normal
Arterial Ulcers skin temp Decreased
Venous Ulcers Proximal to the medial malleolus
Venous Ulcers Irregular shape; shallow
Venous Ulcers pedal pulses Normal
Venous Ulcers Mild to moderate pain
Venous Ulcers edema Increased
Arterial Ulcers Leg elevation increases pain
Arterial Ulcers tissue changes Thin and shiny; hair loss; yellow nails
Venous Ulcers Leg elevation lessens pain
Venous Ulcers tissue changes Flaking, dry skin; brownish discoloration
Created by: micah10
Popular Physical Therapy sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards