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Ch 15 LGI path/proc
Lower GI pathology/procedure Small Bowel & BE
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is a common birth defect (congenital) found in the ileum? | Meckel's Divrticulum |
Define an Ileus. What are the types? | An ileus is an obstruction of the small intestine. The two types are adynamic/paralytic & mechanical. Paralytic is cessation of peristalsis. Mechanical is a physical blockage. |
What is Enteritis? What is Gastroenteritis? | Enteritis is inflammation of the intestine (primarily small intestine). Gastroenteritis is when the stomach is involved. |
What is regional Enteritis (Crohn's)? What is the appearance of Crohn's on an image? | Inflammatory bowel disease of the GI tract. Primarily of the terminal ileum. A cobblestone appearance is seen on a radiographic image. |
What is the radiographic appearance of Meckel's Diverticulum? | Large diverticulum of the Ileum. |
What is the radiographic appearance of a Volvulus? | A beak sign, or a tapered corkscrew. |
What is the radiographic appearance of an Ileus? | A circular staircase, or herringbone sign. |
What is the radiographic appearance of Adenocarcinoma? | An apple core sign |
What are two conditions that may prevent the use of barium sulfate during a small bowel series? | Possible perforated viscus and a large bowel obstruction. |
What type of patients should be given extra care when using water soluble contrast? | The young and the dehydrated. |
When is a small bowel series deemed completed? | When the contrast medium passes the ileoceceal valve. |
How much Barium is Sulfate is generally given to an adult patient for a small bowel series? | 2 cups (16 oz.) |
How long does it usually take to complete an adult small bowel series? | 2 hours |
When is the first radiograph generally taken during a small series? | 15-30 minutes after ingesting conrast medium. |
What type of small bowel study does the term Enterocyclis describe? | and It is a double contrast method |
Which two pathologic conditions are best evaluated through an enterocyclis procedure? | Rgeional Enteritis (Crohn's) and Malabsoption Syndrome. |
What two types of contrast media are used for an enterocyclis? | Barium Sulfate and Air or Methylcellulose. |
What is the purpose of introducing methylcellulose? | It dilates the intestinal lumen. |
Where is the tip of the catheter introduced for an enterocyclis procedure? | The Duodenojejunal Flexure. |
What is a procedure called that is done to alleviate postoperative distention of a small intestine? | Therapeutic intubation. |
What is the most common form of carcinoma found in the large intestine? | Annular carcinoma |
What is a condition of numerous herniations of the mucosal wall of the large intestine? | Diverticulosis |
Which 4 conditions would prevent the use of a laxative cathartic before a Barium Enema? | Gross Bleeding, Severe Diarrhea, Obstruction & Inflammatory Lesions. |
What are the 3 types of enema tips commonly used? | Plastic disposable (or Straight Enema Tip), Rectal Retention & Air Contrast Retention |
What procedure is most effective to demonstrate small polyps in the colon? What are polyps radiographic appearance? | Double contrast Barium Enema. Barium filled saclike projections projecting inward. |
Which aspect of the large intestine must be demonstrated during evacuative proctography? | The Anorectal Angle |
What can be given to minimize spasm during a Barium Enema? What would be a contraindication? | Lidocain & Glucagon. Glucagon should not be given to a diabetic. |