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Ch 15 Lower GI

Anatomy & Function

QuestionAnswer
Which division of the small bowel is the longest (length)? Ileum
Which division of the small bowel is the shortest (length)? Duodenum
List the 3 divisions of the small bowel in descending order, starting with the widest division. Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
How long is the average small bowel if removed and stretched out during an autopsy? 25 feet
In a person with good muscle tone, what is the length of the entire small bowel? 15-18 feet
What is the average length of the large intestine? 5 feet
Which muscular band marks the junction between the Duodenum & Jejunum? The Ligament of Trietz (or suspensory muscle of duodenum)
In which 2 quadrants would the majority of the Jejunum be found? The LUQ & LLQ
Which 2 aspects of the large intestine are not considered part of the colon? The Cecum & Rectum
What are the 4 sections of the Colon? Ascending Colon, Transverse Colon, Descending Colon & Sigmoid Colon.
What are the 4 major parts of the large intestine? Cecum, Colon, Rectum, Anal Canal (ends @ the anus)
Where does the Jejunum begin? What is the Jejunum's inner diameter size? About how many 5th's does the Jejunum take up of the small intestine? Begins at the Duodenojejunal Flexure. Inner diameter size is 2.5 cm. Makes up about 2/5 of the Jejunum.
Which quadrants is the Ileum primarily located? How many 5th's of the small intestine does the Ileum take up? RUQ, RLQ & LLQ. Makes up about 3/5 of the small intestine.
What are the 2 functions of the Ileocecal Valve? To prevent reflux back in to the Ileum from the Cecum. To regulate the rate or the amount of material going into the large intestine (cecum).
What makes up about 40% of the small intestine? The Jejunum
What aspect of the small intestine is the smallest in diameter, but longest in length? The Ileum
Which part of the colon lies in the pelvis, but possesses a wide freedom of motion? The Sigmoid Colon
What is the blind pouch that is inferior to the ileocecal valve? The Appendix
What is the term for the 3 bands of muscle that pull the large intestine into pouches? Taniae Coli
What are the pouches, or sacculations seen along the large intestine called? Haustra
What is an older term for the mucosal folds that produce the feathery appearance of and are found within the Jejunum? Plicae Circulares
Which portion of the small intestine is located primarily to the left of midline? Jejunum
Which portion of the small intestine is located primarily in the RLQ? The Ileum
Which portion of the small intestine has the smoothest internal lining & does not present a feathery appearance when barium filled? The Ileum
Which aspect of the small intestine is most fixed in position? The Duodenal Flexure
In which quadrant does the terminal ileum connect with the large intestine? The RLQ
Which felxure of the large bowel usually extends more superiorly? The Left Colic Flexure (Splenic Flexure)
Which sections of the colon will fill with air during a double contrast BE with the patient supine? Transverse Colo & Sigmoid Colon
Which aspect of the GI tract is primarily responsible for digestion, absorption & reabsorption? The small intestine?
Which aspect of the GI tract is responsible for the synthesis & absorption of vitamins B & K & amino acids? The large intestine
What are the 4 types of digestive movement that occur in the large intestine? Peristalsis, Haustral Churning, Mass Peristalsis, Defacation
What are the 2 types of digestive movement in the small intestine? Peristalsis & Rhythmic Segmentation
What is the double fold of Peritoneum that connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall? The Mesentary
What connects the greater curvature of the stomach to transverse colon? The Greater Omentum
What connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver? The Lesser Omentum
Which structures of the GI system are located in the retroperitoneal area? C-Loop of the Duodenum, Pancreas, Ascending Colon, Descending Colon, Upper Rectum
What structures of the GI system are located in the Intraperitoneal area? Stomach, Jejunum, Ileum, Cecum, Transverse Colon, Sigmoid Colon
When the patient is supine, what is the relative location of air & barium in the large intestine? Barium will fall to the retroperitoneal structures, The Ascending & Descending Colon. Air will rise to the Transverse Colon & the Sigmoid Colon.
When the patient is prone, what is the relative location of air & barium in the large intestine? Air will rise to the retroperitoneal structures, The Ascending & Descending Colon. barium will fall to the Transverse Colon & the Sigmoid Colon.
What are the 4 primary digestive functions accomplished by the large & small intestine? Digestion/Ingestion, Absorption, Reabsorption & Elimination.
Created by: jamestkelley
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