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Chapter 3 PSY 101
Chapter 3 Notes
Question | Answer |
---|---|
the activation of receptors located in the eyes, ears, skin, nasal cavities, and tongue. | Sensation |
the smallest amount of energy needed for conscious detection of a stimulus at least half the time it is present. | Absolute Threshold |
smallest differences between two stimuli that is detectable 50% of the time | Just Noticeable Difference |
- determined by the amplitude of the wave—how high or how low the wave actually is. The higher the wave, the brighter the light will be. Low waves are dimmer | Brightness |
is determined by the length of the wave | Color or hue |
refers to the purity of the color people see; mixing in black or gray would also lessen the saturation. | Saturation |
What order of eye parts does light travel throug? | Enters through Cornea, goes through pupil (pupil size is controled by iris size on lens and then goes to Retina. |
jelly-like fluid called that also nourishes the eye and gives it shape located behind the lens. | Vitreous humor |
Right after Cornea is a clear, watery fluid that is continually replenished and supplies nourishment to the front of the eye. | Aqueous Humor |
this theory proposed three types of cones: red cones, blue cones, and green cones, one for each of the three primary colors of light | Trichromatic theory |
theory of color vision that proposes four primary colors with cones arranged in pairs: red and green, blue and yellow. | Opponent-process theory |
images that occur when a visual sensation persists for a brief time even after the original stimulus is removed. | After Images |
Have no cones or cones that are not working at all. | Monochrome Color Blindness |
red or green cones are not working and would see world in blues, yellows, and shades of gray. | Red Green Color Blindness |
See world in reds, greens, and shades of gray if blue cones ar not working. | Blue Yellow Color Blindness |
Is eiter red green or blue yellow color blind | Dichromat |
Why is it more common for a men to be color blind than women. | A man only needs one recessive gene to be colorblind a woman needs two. |
The height of a sound wave is its | Amplitude |
(a richness in the tone of the sound). | Timbre |
Another word for Amplitude | Volume |
Outter Ear | Pinna |
Cycles per second | Hertz |
short tunnel that runs from the pinna to the eardrum (tympanic membrane). | Auditory Canal |
thin section of skin that tightly covers the opening into the middle part of the ear | Ear Drum |
When sound waves hit the eardrum, it vibrates and causes three tiny bones in the middle ear to vibrate. | Hanmer, Anvil, and Stirrup |
This membrane is called the oval window | Inner Ear |
A snail like structure is called the | Cochlea |
The Cochlea is located where | Inner Ear |
The fluid inside the Cochlea is call the | Basilar Membrane |
Contains receptor cells for the sense of hearing | Organ of Corti |
Hair like cells send neural messages through the | Auditory Nerve |
Type of hearing impairment that sound vibrations can not be passed from the eardrum to the choclea. | Conduction Hearing Impairment |
Type of hearing impairment that hearing aids may help | Conduction Hearing Impairment |
Type of hearing impairment that lies either in the inner ear or in the auditory pathways and the cortical areas of the brain. | Nerve hearing Impairment. |
is the sense of taste. | Gustodian |
taste receptor cells in mouth; responsible for sense of taste | Taste Buds |
bumps on the tongue in which taste buds line the walls | Papillae |
Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, “Brothy | Five Basic Tastes |
is the sense of smell. | Olfaction |
n the upper part of the sinus cavity receive molecules of substances and create neural signals which then go to the olfactory bulbs | Olfactory Sensors |
The olfactory Bulbs are located in the | Frontal Lobe |
The neural smaell sensors go directly to the olfactory bulb in the frontal lobe not through the | Thalmus |
A pain located in the organs | Visceral pain |
Respond to pressure just under the skin | Pacinian Corpuscles |
pain sensations in skin, muscles, tendons, and joints. | Somatic Pain |
Without the ability to feel pain | Congential Analgesia, and Congenital Insensitivity |
Feeling pain in a missing limb | Phantom pain |
Pain signal pass through a gate in the spinal cord. | Gate Control Theory |
The bodies sense of position in space | Kinesthesia |
The sense of balance | Vestibular Sense |
Tiny sacs just above the chochlea | Otolith Organs |
Disagreement between what the eyes and body say causes | Motion Sickness |
Sensory Conflict is another name for | Motion Sickness |
Skin, Kenesthetic and vestibular senses are | Somesthetic Senses |
Taste/gustation and smell/olfaction are | Chemical Senses |
the method by which the sensations experienced at any given moment are interpreted and organized in some meaningful fashion | Perception |
Size, shape, and brightness constancies are | Perceptual Constancies |
The whole is greater than the sum of its parts | Gestalt Theory |
refer to the tendency to perceive objects, or figures as existing, on some background | Figure-ground |
a tendency to perceive objects that are close to one another as part of the same grouping | Proximity |
tendency to complete figures that are incomplete | Closure |
cues for depth that require only 1 eye for perception | Monocular |
tendency for lines that are parallel to appear to converge in the distance relative size:perception that occurs when objects that a person expects to be of a certain size appear to be small and are, therefore, assumed to be much farther away overlap | Linear Perspective |
the assumption that an object that appears to be blocking part of another object is in front of the second object and closer to the viewer | Overlap |
the haziness that surrounds objects that are farther away from the viewer, causing the distance to be perceived as greater | aerial perspective |
the perception of motion of objects in which close objects appear to move more quickly than objects that are farther away | motion parallax |
as a monocular clue, the brain's use of information about the changing thickness of the lens of the eye in response to looking at objects that are close or far away. | accommodation |
REFERRS TO THE ROTATION OF TWO EYES IN THEIR SOCKETS TO FOCUS ON A SINGLE OBJECT. | Convergence |
Scientific way of saying because 2 eyes are a couple of inches a part they do not see exactly the samething. | Binocular disparity |
a perception that does not correspond to reality | Illusion |
Autokinetic Effect and stroboscopic motion are | Illusions of motion |
A light in a dark room appears to be moving | Autokinetic Effect |
Rapid series of pictures of still pictures appear to be moving. | Stroboscopic motion |
Lights turned on in a rapid sequence | Phi Phenomenom |
refers to the tendency to perceive objects and situations a particular way because of prior experiences | Perceptual Set |
reception of information not gained through the recognized senses. | Extrasensory Perception ESP |