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Chapter 3 PSY 101

Chapter 3 Notes

QuestionAnswer
the activation of receptors located in the eyes, ears, skin, nasal cavities, and tongue. Sensation
the smallest amount of energy needed for conscious detection of a stimulus at least half the time it is present. Absolute Threshold
smallest differences between two stimuli that is detectable 50% of the time Just Noticeable Difference
- determined by the amplitude of the wave—how high or how low the wave actually is. The higher the wave, the brighter the light will be. Low waves are dimmer Brightness
is determined by the length of the wave Color or hue
refers to the purity of the color people see; mixing in black or gray would also lessen the saturation. Saturation
What order of eye parts does light travel throug? Enters through Cornea, goes through pupil (pupil size is controled by iris size on lens and then goes to Retina.
jelly-like fluid called that also nourishes the eye and gives it shape located behind the lens. Vitreous humor
Right after Cornea is a clear, watery fluid that is continually replenished and supplies nourishment to the front of the eye. Aqueous Humor
this theory proposed three types of cones: red cones, blue cones, and green cones, one for each of the three primary colors of light Trichromatic theory
theory of color vision that proposes four primary colors with cones arranged in pairs: red and green, blue and yellow. Opponent-process theory
images that occur when a visual sensation persists for a brief time even after the original stimulus is removed. After Images
Have no cones or cones that are not working at all. Monochrome Color Blindness
red or green cones are not working and would see world in blues, yellows, and shades of gray. Red Green Color Blindness
See world in reds, greens, and shades of gray if blue cones ar not working. Blue Yellow Color Blindness
Is eiter red green or blue yellow color blind Dichromat
Why is it more common for a men to be color blind than women. A man only needs one recessive gene to be colorblind a woman needs two.
The height of a sound wave is its Amplitude
(a richness in the tone of the sound). Timbre
Another word for Amplitude Volume
Outter Ear Pinna
Cycles per second Hertz
short tunnel that runs from the pinna to the eardrum (tympanic membrane). Auditory Canal
thin section of skin that tightly covers the opening into the middle part of the ear Ear Drum
When sound waves hit the eardrum, it vibrates and causes three tiny bones in the middle ear to vibrate. Hanmer, Anvil, and Stirrup
This membrane is called the oval window Inner Ear
A snail like structure is called the Cochlea
The Cochlea is located where Inner Ear
The fluid inside the Cochlea is call the Basilar Membrane
Contains receptor cells for the sense of hearing Organ of Corti
Hair like cells send neural messages through the Auditory Nerve
Type of hearing impairment that sound vibrations can not be passed from the eardrum to the choclea. Conduction Hearing Impairment
Type of hearing impairment that hearing aids may help Conduction Hearing Impairment
Type of hearing impairment that lies either in the inner ear or in the auditory pathways and the cortical areas of the brain. Nerve hearing Impairment.
is the sense of taste. Gustodian
taste receptor cells in mouth; responsible for sense of taste Taste Buds
bumps on the tongue in which taste buds line the walls Papillae
Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, “Brothy Five Basic Tastes
is the sense of smell. Olfaction
n the upper part of the sinus cavity receive molecules of substances and create neural signals which then go to the olfactory bulbs Olfactory Sensors
The olfactory Bulbs are located in the Frontal Lobe
The neural smaell sensors go directly to the olfactory bulb in the frontal lobe not through the Thalmus
A pain located in the organs Visceral pain
Respond to pressure just under the skin Pacinian Corpuscles
pain sensations in skin, muscles, tendons, and joints. Somatic Pain
Without the ability to feel pain Congential Analgesia, and Congenital Insensitivity
Feeling pain in a missing limb Phantom pain
Pain signal pass through a gate in the spinal cord. Gate Control Theory
The bodies sense of position in space Kinesthesia
The sense of balance Vestibular Sense
Tiny sacs just above the chochlea Otolith Organs
Disagreement between what the eyes and body say causes Motion Sickness
Sensory Conflict is another name for Motion Sickness
Skin, Kenesthetic and vestibular senses are Somesthetic Senses
Taste/gustation and smell/olfaction are Chemical Senses
the method by which the sensations experienced at any given moment are interpreted and organized in some meaningful fashion Perception
Size, shape, and brightness constancies are Perceptual Constancies
The whole is greater than the sum of its parts Gestalt Theory
refer to the tendency to perceive objects, or figures as existing, on some background Figure-ground
a tendency to perceive objects that are close to one another as part of the same grouping Proximity
tendency to complete figures that are incomplete Closure
cues for depth that require only 1 eye for perception Monocular
tendency for lines that are parallel to appear to converge in the distance relative size:perception that occurs when objects that a person expects to be of a certain size appear to be small and are, therefore, assumed to be much farther away overlap Linear Perspective
the assumption that an object that appears to be blocking part of another object is in front of the second object and closer to the viewer Overlap
the haziness that surrounds objects that are farther away from the viewer, causing the distance to be perceived as greater aerial perspective
the perception of motion of objects in which close objects appear to move more quickly than objects that are farther away motion parallax
as a monocular clue, the brain's use of information about the changing thickness of the lens of the eye in response to looking at objects that are close or far away. accommodation
REFERRS TO THE ROTATION OF TWO EYES IN THEIR SOCKETS TO FOCUS ON A SINGLE OBJECT. Convergence
Scientific way of saying because 2 eyes are a couple of inches a part they do not see exactly the samething. Binocular disparity
a perception that does not correspond to reality Illusion
Autokinetic Effect and stroboscopic motion are Illusions of motion
A light in a dark room appears to be moving Autokinetic Effect
Rapid series of pictures of still pictures appear to be moving. Stroboscopic motion
Lights turned on in a rapid sequence Phi Phenomenom
refers to the tendency to perceive objects and situations a particular way because of prior experiences Perceptual Set
reception of information not gained through the recognized senses. Extrasensory Perception ESP
Created by: 1283950674
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