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Barnett - Volcanoes
Barnett - Vocabulary Practice for Magma, Volcanoes, and Intrusive Material
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| viscosity | resistance of a substance to flow |
| felsic magma | magma with a high silica content and large volume of gas (explosive eruptions) |
| mafic magma | magma with a low silica and gas content (non explosive eruptions) |
| tephra | solid material ejected from a volcano during an eruption |
| pyroclastic flow | fast moving body of hot gas, ash, dust, and rock that travels down the side of a volcano |
| volcanic blocks | solid material at least 64 mm in diameter ejected from a volcano |
| volcanic bombs | partial molten material at least 64mm in diameter ejected from a volcano |
| gas from volcanoes | water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur, and nitrogen |
| hot spot | unusually hot region of the mantle which causes rock to melt, rise, and form a volcano |
| convergent boundary | place where 2 tectonic plates are colliding - most volcanoes form at convergent boundaries |
| vent | place where magma is escaping from the crust |
| crater | bowl shaped depression around the vent |
| pipe | where magma rises from the magma chamber to the vent |
| neck | formed when the outside of a volcano erodes away and the solidified pipe remains |
| caldera | top or side of a volcano collapses forming a large depression |
| lava plateau | forms when magam escapes the Earth's crust through fissures (cracks) and builds a plateau |
| igneous rock | any rock that forms when magma or lava solidifies |
| pluton | intrusive igneous rock body |
| batholith | largest pluton |
| laccolith | mushroom shaped pluton, relatively small and close to surface |
| stock | pluton with irregular shape, but smaller than a batholith |
| dike | thin pluton that forms when magma enters a crack in rock; cuts through pre-existing material |
| sill | thin pluton that forms between parallel layers of rock |
| felsic igneous rock | igneous rock that contains mostly silica and is usually relatively light color and low density |
| mafic igneous rock | igneous rock that contains mostly magnesium and iron and is usually dark in color and dense |
| intrusive igneous rock | rock that cooled below earth's surface and has large (coarse) grains |
| extrusive igneous rock | igneous rock that cooled outside the earth and has small (fine) grains |
Created by:
ebarnett
on 2006-10-26