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physic25 anna herber

QuestionAnswer
pendulum The weight attached to a string that is free to move back and forth in a fixed position.
amplitude The distance from the midpoint to the maximum of a wave or, equivalently from the midpoint to the minimum.
period The time required for a pendulum to make one to-and-fro swing. In general, the time to complete a single cycle.
sine curve A curve whose shape represents the crest and troughs of a wave, as traced out by a swinging pendulum that drops a trail of sand over a moving conveyor belt.
simple harmonic motion Periiodic motion in which acceleration is proportional to the distance from an equilibrium position and is directed toward that equlibriium position.
trough One of the places on a wave where the wave is lowest or the disturbance is greatest, in the opposite direction from the crest.
crest One of the places in a wave where the wave is highest or the disturbance is greatest.
wave A "wiggle" in space and time, a disturbance that repeats regularly in space and time and that is transmitted progressively from one place to the next with no actual transport of matter.
vibration An oscillation, or repeating back and forth motion, about equilibrium position.
Wavelength the distance from the top of the crest of one wave to the top of the following crest, or equivalents, the distance between two successive parts of a wave
Transverse wave a wave with vibration at right angles jto the direction the wave is traveling
longitudinal wave A wave in which the vibration is in the same direction as that in which the wave is traveling rather than at right angles to it.
interference pattern A pattern formed by the overlapping of two or more waves that arrive in a region at the same time.
constructive interference addition of two or more waves when wave crests overlap to produce a resulting wave of increased amplitude.
destructive interference combination of waves where crusts of one wave overlap troughs of another, resulting in a wave of decreased amplitude
out of phase term applied to two waves for which the crest of one wave arrives at the point at the same time that a trough of the second wave arrives. Their effects cancel each other.
In phase term applied to two or more waves whose crests (and troughs) arrive at a place the same time so that their effects reinforce each other
standing waves wave in which parts of the wave remain stationary and the wave appear not to be traveling. The result of the interference between an incident (orginal) wave and a reflected wave.
nodes any part of a standing waves that remains stationary
antinodes the positions on a standing wave whre the largest amplitude occur
Doppler Effect the change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source of the receiver
blue shift an increase in the measured frequency of light from an approaching source; it is called this because the apparent increase i twoard the high frequency end of the color spectrum; also occurs when an observer approaches a source
red shift a decrease in a measured frequency of light (or other radiation) because the decrease is toward the low-frequency or red end of the color spectrum
supersonic faster than sound
bow wave the V-shaped wave produced by an object moving on a liquid surface than the wave's speed
shock wave a cone shaped wave produced by an object moving at supersonic speed through a fluid
sonic boom the sharp crack heard when the schock wave that sweeps behind a supersonic aircraft reaches the listener
Created by: 14_aherber
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