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The cranial nerves
Cranial nerves function and testing
| Nerve | Motor or sensory | Testing |
|---|---|---|
| I Olfactory | Sensory | Use familiar scents |
| II Optic | Sensory | Visual acuity and visual field |
| III Oculomotor | Motor: eye movements, pupil constriction Sensory: proprioception | Pupillary reflex, tracking |
| IV Trochlear | Motor: movement of eye Sensory: proprioception | Downward and lateral movment of eye, superior oblique |
| V Trigeminal | Motor: mastication Sensory: sensation for pain, touch, pressure, temperature. Decasates at the Pons. Primary sensory nerve to face and tongue. There are three branches: opthalimic, maxillary, mandibular | Motor: palpate masseter Sensory: lightly stroke face |
| VI Abducens | Motor: movement of eye Sensory: proprioception | Lateral movement of eye and lateral rectus muscle |
| VII Facial | Motor: facial expression, glandular secretion Sensory: taste for anterior 2/3 tongue. If there is damage you will get mask like apperence with minimal or no facial expressions. This nerve decasates at the Pons | check symmetry of facial muscles, check taste for anterior 2/3 tongue |
| VIII Vestibulocochlear | Sensory Cochlear: hearing Vestibular: equilibrium | Cochlear: tuning fork Vestibular: REM and loss of balance |
| IX Glossopharyngeal | Motor: swallowing/secretion of saliva Sensory: taste for posterior 1/3 tonge. Decasates at the medulla. provides some sensory infor for parts of the ear and senory and motor for the pharynx. Damage would effect swallowing and loss of tast | Motor: gag reflex, say "ah" Sensory: test for bitters |
| X Vagus | Motor: somatic control of speech, visceral control of smooth muscle Sensory: impulses from viscera. Decassates at the meduella. There are two branches, the superior and inferior. Known as the "wandering" nerver- effects the larynx, lungs and esophogus. | Ability to speak/swallow. Effects mm of velum |
| XI Accessory (spinal) | Motor: swallowing and movement of head Sensory: proprioception. effects levator veli palatini and uvula and SCM | Turn head against resistance |
| XII Hypoglossal. Crosses at medulla | Motor: movment of tongue during speech and swallowing Sensory: proprioception. Damage would effect the tongue. | protrude tongue, articulation of words |
Created by:
mmason
on 2004-04-17