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bones
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| There are___bones in the human body. | 206 |
| epiphysis | The expanded ends of a bone. (Plural is epiphyses.) |
| diaphysis | The main shaft of a long bone. (Plural is diaphyses.) |
| metaphysis | That part of the bone which is located between the epiphysis and the diaphysis. |
| periosteum | The connective tissue membrane which covers the bone. |
| endosteum | The thin membrane which lines the marrow cavity of a bone. |
| cortical bone | The adjectival form of the term cortex, which refers to the outer layer. |
| cancellous bone | A spongy structure, refers mostly to bone tissue. |
| osteocytes | Mature bone cells. |
| lacunae | Small cavities containing mature bone cells. (Singular is lacuna.) |
| canaliculi | The narrow channels through which the osteocytes extend. (Singular is canaliculus.) |
| Lacunae are | small cavities of mature bone cells. |
| Bone tissue which is spongy is | cancellous bone. |
| The diaphysis is the main shaft of a | long bone. |
| Endosteum is the lining of the | marrow cavity. |
| The outer layer of a bone is called the | cortical bone. |
| The metaphysis is between the epiphysis and the | diaphysis. |
| Canaliculi are narrow channels of | osteocytes. |
| Epiphysis refers to the expanded end of a | bone. |
| The membrane surrounding the bone is called the | periosteum, |
| Ostecytes are mature bone | cells. |
| The ethmoid is part of the skull and literally means | 'sieve-like.' |
| The occiput gives rise to the occipital bone and is the posterior part of the | head. |
| The term nasal denotes relationship to the | nose. |
| Concha means literally 'a shell' and is used to describe structures which are shell-like in | shape. |
| The mandible is the lower | jaw bone. |
| Zygomatic can describe either a process, a bone, or an | arch. |
| A foramen is a natural opening or | passage. |
| The upper jaw is made up of the | maxilla. |
| Shaped like a Greek letter is the | lambdoid suture. |
| Condyloid means resembling a knuckle or rounded | bone. |
| cervical spine 7 vertebrae located in the neck area Abbreviated | C1–C7; concave |
| thoracic spine 12 vertebrae located in the upper back Abbreviated | T1–T12; convex |
| lumbar spine 5 vertebrae located in the lower back Abbreviated | L1–L5; concave |
| sacral spine 5 fused sacral vertebrae Two sides are smooth for joining with pelvic bones; resembles a | triangle |
| coccyx Single bone fused from 4–5 coccygeal vertebrae at base of spine Also called the | tailbone |
| Articulate means to loosely connect or | join |
| Thoracic vertebrae articulate to 12 ribs to create a protective cavity for the | heart and lungs (thoracic cavity) |
| intervertebral discs Fibrous tissue and cartilage between the vertebrae to absorb | spinal compression and shock |
| lumbar spine | lower back |
| intervertebral discs | between the bones of the spine |
| cervical spine | the neck |
| thoracic spine | connects to the ribs |
| articulate | join |
| sacral spine | triangular shaped |
| coccyx | tailbone |
| Consisting of five vertebrae, the _____ is the lower back. | lumbar spine |
| _____ means loosely connect. | Articulate |
| Consisting of seven vertebrae, the _____ makes up the bones of the neck. | cervical spine |
| Five fused vertebrae make up the _____. | sacral spine |
| The _____ corresponds to the chest cavity and consists of 12 vertebrae. | thoracic spine |
| The _____ is also called the tailbone. | coccyx |
| The spine is made up of several discs; the cartilage and fibrous tissue between them are called _____. | intervertebral discs |
| * clavicle | (collarbone) (1 per side for a total of 2) |
| * scapula | (shoulder blade) (1 per side for a total of 2) |
| * arm bones | (3 per side for a total of 6) |
| o humerus | (upper arm) |
| o radius | (forearm) |
| o ulna | (forearm) |
| * carpal | (wrist) (8 per side for a total of 16) |
| * metacarpal | (hand) (5 per side for a total of 10) |
| * phalanges | (fingers) (14 per side for a total of 28) |
| * os coxae | (hip/pelvic bone) (1 per side for a total of 2) |
| * femur | (thigh) (1 per side for a total of 2) |
| * patella | (kneecap) (1 per side for a total of 2) |
| * tibia | (leg) (1 per side for a total of 2) |
| * fibula | (leg) (1 per side for a total of 2) |
| * tarsal | (ankle) (7 per side for a total of 14) |
| * metatarsal | (foot) (5 per side for a total of 10) |
| * phalanges | (toes) (14 per side for a total of 28) |
| The bone which runs between the two sets of ribs is the _____. | sternum |
| There are five sets of bones which make up the pelvis. They are the pubis, _____, __________, __________, and the ischium. | sacrum, ilium, coccyx |
| There are three sets of bones which make up the ankles/feet. They are the _____, __________, and __________. | tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. |
| Four bones make up the leg; they are the femur, _____, tibia, and the __________. | patella, fibula |
| The shoulder consists of the _____ and the __________. | clavicle, scapula |
| The bones which hold up the head are the _____. | vertebrae |
| The sternum divides the _____. | ribs |
| The main bone of the upper arm is the _____. | humerus |
| The two bones of the forearm are the _____ and the radius. | ulna |
| The name of the head bone is the _____ or __________. | skull,cranium |
| The bones of the wrist and hand are the _____, __________, and __________. | carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges |
| The bone which runs between the two sets of ribs is the _____. | sternum |
| There are five sets of bones which make up the pelvis. They are the pubis, _____, __________, __________, and the ischium. | sacrum, ilium, coccyx |
| There are three sets of bones which make up the ankles/feet. They are the _____, __________, and __________. | tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. |
| Four bones make up the leg; they are the femur, _____, tibia, and the __________. | patella, fibula |
| The shoulder consists of the _____ and the __________. | clavicle, scapula |
| The bones which hold up the head are the _____. | vertebrae |
| The sternum divides the _____. | ribs |
| The main bone of the upper arm is the _____. | humerus |
| The two bones of the forearm are the _____ and the radius. | ulna |
| The name of the head bone is the _____ or __________. | skull,cranium |
| The bones of the wrist and hand are the _____, __________, and __________. | carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges |
| The humerus is a _____. | long bone |
| The clavicle is shaped like the letter _____. | S |
| The upper arm bone is called the _____. | humerus |
| Which of the following is NOT related to the scapula? | epicondyle |
| Which bone lies against the rib cage, between ribs 2 and 7? | scapula |
| (8 carpal bones). | hamate scaphoid trapezium pisiform trapezoid lunate triquetrum capitate |
| phalanges | fingers |
| ulna | pinky-side bone |
| carpals | wrists |
| tuberosity | prominence |
| metacarpals | hands |
| olecranon | point of elbow |
| radial notch | joint of the ulna and radius |
| radius | thumb-side bone |
| The forearm bone closest to the pinky. | ulna |
| The forearm bone closest to the thumb. | radius |
| Which of the following is not part of the ulna? | malleolus |
| A bony prominence. | tuberosity |
| Allows articulation with the carpals. | styloid process |
| femur | thigh bone |
| ischium | lower part of the "eye mask" |
| acetabulum | the head of the femur fits into this |
| os coxae | hip bone |
| patella | kneecap |
| The superior portion of the femur consists of all but which ONE of the following? | ischium |
| Which of the following is NOT part of the hip bones? | trochanter |
| The socket portion of the femur ball-and-socket joint. | acetabulum |
| Protrusions at the inferior end of the femur. | medial and lateral epicondyles |
| Thigh bone. | femur |
| metatarsals | feet bones |
| tarsals | ankle bone(s) |
| phalanges | toes |
| malleolus | protects the ankle |
| tibia | larger lower leg bone |
| How many phalanges are in the foot? | 14 |
| The more fragile of the lower leg bones. | fibula |
| The stronger and bigger of the lower leg bones. | tibia |
| Which is not a tarsal bone? | epicondyle |
| Which of the following do the metatarsals rest upon? | arches |
| Long bones are bones whose length is greater than their width, such as the bones of the extremities (tibia, fibula, femur, radius, | ulna, humerus). |
| Short bones are shaped more like cubes and are generally found in the | ankle and wrist (carpus and tarsus). |
| Flat bones are found in the cranial vault, sternum (breastbone), shoulder blades, and ribs. Flat bones are made up of a layer of marrow (diploe) sandwiched between two layers of compact | bone. |
| Irregular bones are a mix of irregularly shaped bones that do not fall into any of the other bone-type categories. They are found in the | face, spinal column, and hips. |
| Sesamoid bones are mostly rounded masses embedded in certain tendons and are usually related to the surfaces of joints. Included in this group are the patella (kneecap), metacarpophalangeal joints of the hands, and metatarsophalangeal joints of the | toes. |
| Wormian bones are small bones found between suture lines of the skull where the edges of the | skull bones are joined together. |
| patella | sesamoid |
| ribs | flat |
| ankle | short |
| femur | long |
| fused skull bones | wormian |
| shoulder blades | flat |
| humerus | long |
| wrist | short |
| hips | irregular |
| face | irregular |
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