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Mrs. Kyle 8th grade

Life Science chapters 2-5

QuestionAnswer
An aid that is used to identify organisms. It consists of the answers to a series of questions. Dichotomous Key
The division of organisms into groups, or classes based on specific characteristics. Classification
The science of describing, classifying, and naming living things. Taxonomy
Show the similarities and differences between animals. Branching Diagrams
A domain made up of prokaryotes that are distinguished from other prokaryotes by differences in their genetics and in the makeup of their cell wall. Archaea
Single celled organisms that do not have a nucleus. Prokaryotes
A domain made up of prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and usually reproduce by cell division. Bacteria
Are organisms whose cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Eukaryotes
A domain made up of all eukaryotes. Eukarya
A kingdom made up of non-green, eukaryotic organisms that have no means of movement, reproduce by using spores, and get food by breaking down substances in their surroundings and absorbing nutrients from those substances. Fungi
A kingdom made up of complex, multi-cellular organisms that are usually green, have cell walls made of cellulose, cannot move around, and use the sun’s energy to make sugar by photosynthesis. Plantae
A kingdom made up of eukaryotes that are one celled eukaryotic organisms that are different from plants, animals,bacteria and fungi. Protista
A kingdom made up of complex, multi-cellular organisms that lack cell walls, can usually move around and can quickly respond to their environment. Animalia
The process of a single parent producing offspring that are genetically identical to the parent without the union of sex cells. Asexual Reproduction
Sex cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that share traits from both parents. Sexual Reproduction
The union of sex cells outside the bodies of parents, like fish and frogs. External Fertilization
The transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structures of seed plants to the female reproductive structures. Pollination
A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring. Species
The formation of new species as a result of change over time. Speciation
A group of individuals of the same species living in the same place. Population
A characteristic that improves and individual’s ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. Adaptation
The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals. Natural Selection
The human practice of breeding animals like dogs to have certain desired characteristics. Selective Breeding
Inherited behavior or tendency that does not depend on the environment or experience. Innate Behavior
Behavior that is developed through experience. Learned Behavior
Travel from one place to another. Migration
A period of inactivity and lowered body temperature during the Summer. Estivation
A period of inactivity and lowered body temperature during the Winter. Hibernation
A principle that geologic processes that occured in the past can be explained by current geologic processes. Uniformitarianism
A principle that states that geologic change occurs suddenly. Catastrophism
The approximate age of fossils or other objects in rock layers determined by comparing whether the surrounding rock layers are younger or older. Relative Age
Any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects. Relative Dating
An ordered arrangement of rock layers that is based on the relative ages of the rocks and in which the oldest rocks are at the bottom. Geologic Column
Any method of measuring the age of an event or object in years. Absolute Dating
The scientific study of fossils. Paleontology
A fossil that shows evidence of animal on or within soft sediment. Ex. Tracks and Burrows Trace Fossil
A type of fossil that leaves a cavity or impression in a sedimentary surface usually caused by a shell or other body. Mold
A type of fossil that forms when sediments fill the cavity left by a decomposed organism. Cast
A fossil that is used to establish the age of a rock layer because the fossil is distinct, abundant, and widespread and the species that formed that fossil existed for only a short span of geologic time. Index Fossil
The standard method used to divide Earth's long natural history into manageable parts. Geologic Time Scale
The largest division of geologic time.1st Eon
A unit of geologic time that includes two or more periods.2nd Era
A unit of geologic time that is longer than an Epoch but shorter than an Era.3rd Period
A subdivision of geologic time that is longer that an age but shorter than a period.4th Epoch
The death of every member of a species. Extinction
The original organism that other modern organisms developed or descedended from. Ancestor
Created by: kmk3n
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