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AP envi

Match definitions to words

QuestionAnswer
Radioactive Decay is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting ionizing particles or radiation
Half-Life The time it takes for one-half of the atoms of an unstable element or nuclide to decay radioactively into another element or nuclide
Entropy is the measure of the disorder or randomness of energy and matter in a system.
Organism An individual form of life that is capable of growing, metabolizing nutrients, and usually reproducing
Population A group of individuals of the same species occupying a particular geographic area.
Community A group of organisms or populations living and interacting with one another in a particular environment.
Ecosystem An ecosystem is a system where populations of species group together into communities and interact with each other and the abiotic environment.
Decomposer an organism, usually a bacterium or fungus, that breaks down the cells of dead plants and animals into simpler substances.
Adaptation the ability of a species to survive in a particular ecological niche, esp. because of alterations of form or behavior brought about through natural selection.
Mutation A change of the DNA sequence within a gene or chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type.
Gene A segment of DNA, occupying a specific place on a chromosome, that is the basic unit of heredity.
Trait Any observable feature, or trait, of an organism, whether acquired or inherited.
Chromosome Organic structure that carries an organism's genetic code (DNA).
Gene Pool Sum total of all the genes found in the individuals of the population of a particular species.
Natural Selection The process by which organisms that are better suited to their environment than others produce more offspring
Biodiversity The number, variety, and genetic variation of different organisms found within a specified geographic region.
Extinction Disappearance of a species from all or part of their geographic range
Plate Tectonics Theory suggesting that the Earth's surface is composed of a number of oceanic and continental plates.
Weathering Physical, chemical or biological breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller sized particles
Climate Change any long-term significant change in the weather patterns of an area; also used figuratively
Organic vs. Inorganic Organic: (1) Relating to an organism. (2) Derived from an organism. Inorganic: Non-living thing. Usually refers to the physical and chemical components of an organism's environment. Some times called abiotic.
Natural vs. Synthetic Natural : Not produced or changed artificially; not conditioned Synthetic: Produced artificially, especially in a laboratory or other man-made environment.
Law of Conservation of Matter During an ordinary chemical change, there is no detectable increase or decrease in the quantity of matter
1st law of thermodynamics an expression of the principle of conservation of energy, states that energy can be transformed (changed from one form to another), but cannot be created or destroyed
2nd law of thermodynamics is an expression of the universal principle of decay observable in nature.
Producers/ Autotrophs Autotrophs make their own food by performing photosynthesis.
Consumers/ Heterotrophs get their food by living off and on other organisms.
Photosynthesis (reactants and products) The reactants of photosynthesis are sun light, carbon dioxide, and water. The products of photosynthesis are carbohydrates, ATP, and sugars.
Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Presence of molecular oxygen. Occurring only in the presence of molecular oxygen. Growing in the presence of molecular oxygen. Anaerobic: Opposite
Rocks Vs. Minerals Rocks: A compact and consolidated mass of mineral matter. Three types of rock are recognized: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Minerals: Component of rocks.
Climate Vs. Weather Climate: General pattern of weather conditions for a region over a long period time (at least 30 years). Weather: The state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place.
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
CO Carbon monoxide
C6H1206 Glucose
CH4 Methane
H2 Hyrdrogen
H2O Water
N2 Nitrogen
NOx Mono-Nitrogen
NO3- Nitrate ion
NH3 Ammonia
O2 Oxygen
O3 Ozone
P Phosphorus
PO4-3 Phosphate
S Sulfur
SO2 Sulfur Dioxide
Cl Chlorine
K Pottasium
NaCl Sodium Chloride
Pb Lead
Hg Mercury
Rn Radon
U Uranium
Cellular Respiration The process of cell catabolism in which cells turn food into usable energy in the form of ATP.
Kinetic vs. Potential energy Kinetic: The energy possessed by a system or object as a result of its motion. Potential: The energy possessed by a body as a result of its position or condition rather than its motion
Created by: Jordan134
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