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a&p chap2 p

a&p chap2 practice quiz

QuestionAnswer
Anything that has weight and occupies space can be described as Matter
There are ____ naturally occurring elements of which ______ are commonly found in the human body. 92, 26
Lipids are molecules made up of Fats
Proteins are made up of Amino acids
Nucleic acids are made up of Nucleotides
About 96% of the body consists of what four elements? oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen
A chemical formula expresses the chemical composition of a molecule, the number of atoms for each element in the molecule, and the atoms involved in chemical bonding.
Covalent bonds form when two or more atoms share electrons equally and two or more molecules share electrons unequally
To be considered an organic molecule a substance must contain carbon and hydrogen
The process used to convert liquid vegetable oils to solids by changing its bonds is called hydrogenation
If an atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons in its nucleus, and 8 orbiting electrons, its atomic number would be 8
To form an ionic bond one atom must donate its ________ to another. electrons
Hydrogen bonds occur between polar molecules.
The valence electrons are those located in the outermost shell and active in chemical bonding.
A saturated fat will have very few hydrogen atoms
Lactose, the sugar contained in milk, is an example of a disaccharide
Enzymes are necessary in cells to speed up chemical reactions.
The difference between DNA and RNA is that there are differences in sugars, bases, and the number of strands.
Steroids are a form of lipid.
A substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by chemical means is a/an element.
The positively charged particles located in the nucleus of an atom are the protons
The number of protons plus the number of neutrons determines the __________ of an atom. atomic weight
Two or more atoms combine chemically to form a/an __________, the smallest unit of a/an __________. molecule; compound
When one atom donates an electron to another atom, the donating atom becomes a __________ charged ion, and the receiving atom becomes a __________ charged ion. These ions are joined together by a/an ________ chemical bond. positively; negatively; ionic
The element that forms the backbone of organic molecules is carbon
The dissociation of a/an ________ releases hydrogen ions and increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. acid
The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution increases from pH _______ to pH ________. 14; 0
A carbohydrate molecule consisting of glucose + fructose is a disaccharide.
The monosaccharide that is the major carbohydrate fuel for body cells is glucose
Select the organic compound in which the greatest amount of excess energy is stored in the body. Triglycerides
Proteins are composed of subunits called __________ and functional proteins include _________, which speed up chemical reactions in the body. amino acids; enzymes
DNA contains the genetic code, and RNA carries the coded information to the sites of protein synthesis.
The molecule that provides immediate energy for cellular processes is adenosine triphosphate.
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