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Neuroscience Ch3

QuestionAnswer
Polar covalent bonds a molecule which, while electrically neutral overall, has some atoms more or less attracted to the shared electron (covalent), and therefore the molecule has an uneven distribution of charge. H2O!
Ionic bond bond between two molecules with net electrical charges (molecules called ions) that are opposite
Cations ions w/ net positive charge
Anions ions w/ net neg charge
Phospholipids hydrophobic parts of the membrane which form barrier btwn h2O and h2Osoluble (Na+ K+ Ca2+, Cl-). Are nonpolar chains of carbn bonded w/hydrgn. but also: has a polar phosphate group (phosphate bonded to 3 oxys) at one end.polar head and nonpolar tail!
Peptide bonds chain of amino acids. These chains form into, not just the “primary structure” of a simple chain, but spirals (“secondary”), globular shapes (“tertiary”) via bending/folding. AND tertiary units can bond with each other (“quaternary”)
Ion channels if you get a quaternary structure of amino acids, it might form a “pore” with a hydrophobic (nonpolar) outsides and hydrophilic (polar) insides. It might be selective due to the size of pore and a-acid makeup, and thus only let e.g., Na+ through.
Sodium-potassium pump if equilibrium btwn inside and outside of neuron were reached, then neuron couldnt have its neg resting potential. This pump breaks down ATP when there’s Na+ on the inside, which gives it the energy to push out Na+ and pull in K+.
Created by: jwdink
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