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BMMS 7history Ch.15

BMMS 7history Ch15 (Scientific Revolution)

QuestionAnswer
anatomy the structure of living things
astrolabe an instrument that measures the angles the stars above the horizon and helps sailors find their ship's latitude
capitalism an economic system based on private ownership of resources and the use of those resources to make a profit
Columbian Exchange the movement of living things between hemispheres
caravel a ship with both square sails and triangular sails designed for long voyages
circumnavigate a term that means "to travel completely around the world."
Copernicus Polish astronomer who challenged Ptolemy's geocentric theory
dissection cutting open plants and animals to study their parts
Galileo Italian scientist who used findings with the telescope to support the theory that the sun was at the center of the universe
Geocentric Theory Aristole's scientific ideas that placed Earth at the center of the universe
Harmony Pythagoras' theory that all living things combine in an agreeable way to form the universe
Heliocentric Theory theory stated that Earth, the stars, and the other planets revolved around the sun, which did not move
John Locke political thinker who applied the ideas of scientific rationalism to government
Johannes Kepler German astronomer who used mathematical laws to prove that the planets move around the sun in elliptical orbits, not circular orbits
Jamestown English settlement in Virginia
Mercantilism economic theory based on belief that a nation's power depended on its wealth
Microscope scientific device, built by Anton van Leeuwenhoek, that magnified an object between 250 and 300 times its original size
Quebec French colony in Canada
Rationalism an approach in which people use reason, or logical thought, to understand the world
Spanish Armada Spanish invasion force defeated by the English
Sugar cane product grown in the West Indies and shipped to Europe
Sponsor a person who gives money to support a voyage of exploration
Sir Issac Newton English scientist who developed the law of universal gravitation
Scientific Revolution new spirit of questioning classical scientific ideas and Christian beliefs that arose in Europe in the 1500s
Scientific Method approach, developed by Sir Francis Bacon, that required scientists to use experimentation and observation
Triangular trade trade pattern between Europe, Africa, and the Americas
Treaty of Tordesillas set up an imaginary line from north to south around the world in order to make it clear which lands Spain and Portugal could claim
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