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BMMS 7history Ch.15
BMMS 7history Ch15 (Scientific Revolution)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
anatomy | the structure of living things |
astrolabe | an instrument that measures the angles the stars above the horizon and helps sailors find their ship's latitude |
capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership of resources and the use of those resources to make a profit |
Columbian Exchange | the movement of living things between hemispheres |
caravel | a ship with both square sails and triangular sails designed for long voyages |
circumnavigate | a term that means "to travel completely around the world." |
Copernicus | Polish astronomer who challenged Ptolemy's geocentric theory |
dissection | cutting open plants and animals to study their parts |
Galileo | Italian scientist who used findings with the telescope to support the theory that the sun was at the center of the universe |
Geocentric Theory | Aristole's scientific ideas that placed Earth at the center of the universe |
Harmony | Pythagoras' theory that all living things combine in an agreeable way to form the universe |
Heliocentric Theory | theory stated that Earth, the stars, and the other planets revolved around the sun, which did not move |
John Locke | political thinker who applied the ideas of scientific rationalism to government |
Johannes Kepler | German astronomer who used mathematical laws to prove that the planets move around the sun in elliptical orbits, not circular orbits |
Jamestown | English settlement in Virginia |
Mercantilism | economic theory based on belief that a nation's power depended on its wealth |
Microscope | scientific device, built by Anton van Leeuwenhoek, that magnified an object between 250 and 300 times its original size |
Quebec | French colony in Canada |
Rationalism | an approach in which people use reason, or logical thought, to understand the world |
Spanish Armada | Spanish invasion force defeated by the English |
Sugar cane | product grown in the West Indies and shipped to Europe |
Sponsor | a person who gives money to support a voyage of exploration |
Sir Issac Newton | English scientist who developed the law of universal gravitation |
Scientific Revolution | new spirit of questioning classical scientific ideas and Christian beliefs that arose in Europe in the 1500s |
Scientific Method | approach, developed by Sir Francis Bacon, that required scientists to use experimentation and observation |
Triangular trade | trade pattern between Europe, Africa, and the Americas |
Treaty of Tordesillas | set up an imaginary line from north to south around the world in order to make it clear which lands Spain and Portugal could claim |