NLN CNE Study Questions (Billings & Halstead, 2005)
Question
Answer
Knowledge level
define, identify, list
Comprehension level
Describe, explain, summarize
Application level
apply, demonstrate, use
Analysis level
Compare, contrast, differentiate
Synthesis level
Construct, develop, formulate
Evaluation level
critique, evaluate, judge
Cognitive Domain
Learner focuses on aquisition and recall of specific facts, concepts and principles. Simple(knowledge) to complex (synthesis/evaluation)
Affective Domain
Learning encompasses attitudes, beliefs,values, feelings and emotions
Psychomotor Domain
Encompasses fine motor, gross motor and manual skills. Commonly used in clinical techniques
Formative evaluation
occurs while learning process is unfolding
Summative evaluation
Completed at the end of a course/program - The final outcome.
Behavioral Learning Theory
All behavior is learned and can be shaped/rewarded to attain desired ends.
Cognitive Learning Theory
Conditions of learning influence acquisition/retention by modifying existing cognitive structures. Assimilation, accommodation and construction of knowledge are the basic processes of learning
Cognitive Development Learning Theory
Development is sequential and progresses in an uneven/interrupted manner through several phases.
Cognitive development: Sociocultural historical influences Learning Theory
Learning is interactive and occurs in a social/historical context. Knowledge, ideas, attitudes and values are developed as a result of relationships with people.
Multiple Intelligences Learning Theory
Human beings have unique profiles composed of varying degrees of eight and one half research-based intelligences
Adult Education Philosophy
Adults are self-directed and problem centered and need to learn useful information
Caring Philosophy
Education consists of an integration of humanistic-existential, phenomenological, feminist and caring ideologies
Critical Philosophy
The liberation fo thought occurs through analysis of power and realtionships within social structure information
Feminist Philosophy
Intellectual growth, activism, and empowerment can change injustice and inequity for all persons.
Humanism
Education Motivates the development of human potential
Narrative Pedagogy
A practical discourse using nine themes allows education to be gained thru experiences of teachers, students and clinicians to direct nursing education.
Phenomenology
Understanding the hows and whys of humans expereince. Perception of events results in learning.
Postmodern Discourse
Truth is related to specific context and is constantly being constructed
Nursing's Metaparadigm
Includes statements on: Person/client, Nursing, Environement, Health, and sometimes Nursing Education
Metaphysics
study of reality vs. what is fantasy/illusion (post-modern in nature)
Epistemology
Focus is on: What is truth?
Axiology
Focus is on: What is good?
Essentialism Ed. Theory
Student encouraged to expand mind by inquiry, discovery, aesthetics, synthesis and application of knowledge to life. Belief in strong liberal arts foundation.(Idealism Philosphy)
Behaviorism Ed. Theory
Student subject to natural law; motivated to learn through positive reinforcement; rewareded for scientific objectivity and objective analysis.(Realism Philosophy)
Reconstructionism Ed. Theory
Student to expeirence inquiry thru active learning and exploration; involvement in social and community activites (Pragmatist Philosophy)
Progressivism Ed. Theory
Students assisted to develop the self through filed trips, lab work, simulation; apply learning to daily life and society (Pragmastist Philosophy)
Humanism Ed. Theory
Encouraged to freely choose own path to learning; assume responsibility for life (Existential Philosophy)
Scholarship of Discovery
Generation of new knowledge for application and integration into the discipline and teaching; developing knowledge base of Nursing
Scholarship of Integration
Interpretation and synthesis of knowledge across discipline boundaries; requires communication and interdisciplinary collaboration
Scholarship of Application
Connects theory to practice; "How can knowledge be responsibly applied to consequential problems?" - Service to boards and organizations, policy development
Scholarship of Teaching
Requires evidence of effective teaching and dissemination of the knowledge that is aquired as a result of teaching; curriculum development, use of innovative teaching/learning strategies; dissemination of teaching knowledge/expertise
5th Grade Science
