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Am. Rev./ Taks vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Thomas Jefferson | Wrote the Declaration of Independance; colonial leader; 3rd President. |
George Washington | Leader of the Continental Army during the Revolution; President of the Constitutonal and the first President of U.S. |
"No Taxation without Representation" | Issues causing the Revolution. Colonial protest against British politicies and taxes; Battles at Lexington/Concord. |
Declaration of Independence 1776 | Declared the American colonies seperate from Engalnd. |
Mayflower Compact 1620 | Was a document outlining principles of self-governtment for colonies. |
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | Is one of the first written constitutions in the colonies. |
Magna Carta 1215 | Signed in England, this document provided limits to the power of the king. |
English Bill of Rights 1689 | Passed in 1689 in England, this document guaranteed English citizens certain rights and set a procedure for electing representatives to Parliament. |
Articles of Confederation 1781 | A written plan of government for the colonies created a weak league (confederation) of the 13 nearly independent states. |
Constitution 1787 | "We the people of the United States" established the Contitution by ratifying (approving) the document written in 1787. |
Bill of Rights 1791 | The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments (changes) to the constitution. These amendments protect individual rights such as free speech, freedom, of the press, and jury trials. |
Federalist Papers (brief definition) | A series of essays written to support ratification (approval) of the Constitution. |
Limited Government | The idea that government are created by the consent of the government and that the power of government is limited by rule of law. |
Federalism | The idea that power is divided by the Constitutional between the federal (central or national) government and the state governments. |
Checks and Balances | The idea that abuse of power is controlled by the three branches of government watching each other and having the power to approve or disapprove certain actions of the other branches. |
Republicanism | The idea that government is controlled by the people who hold power and elect representatives, giving those representatives power to make and enforce laws. |
Popular Sovereignty | The idea that the power of government rests with the people who express their ideas through voting: popular sovereignty was used before the Civil War to allow voters in a new territory to decde whether to allow slavery. |
Seperation of Powers | The idea that the power of governtment is seperated into three branches of government:Legislative Branch, Executive branch, Judicial Branch |
Individual Rights | The rights guaranteed to individual citizens by the Bill of Rights and other amendments to the Constitution. |
Nulification Crisis | In 1832, South Carolina threatened to secede (withdraw) from the United States (Union) if the federal government tried to collect tariff duties (taxes on imports) in their states. |
1861-1865 | American Civil War fought over the issues of slavery, states' rights, and economic and sectional differences between the North and the South. |
Abraham Lincoln | 16th President, president during the civil war |
13th Amendment | Declares slavery illegal in the United States. |
14th Amendment | Gives citizenship rights to all people born or naturalized in the U.S (i.e., former slaves) and states that citizens cannot be "deprives of life, liberty, or property without due process of the law" It also says equal protection under the law. |
15th Amendment | Prohibits the use of race or previous conditions of slavery as a barrier to voting. This applied to male citizens over the age of 21. |