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Weathering and Erosi
Chap 8 and 9
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The process that wears away surface materials and moves them from one location to another. | Erosion |
A system of creeks, streams, and rivers that connect to carry water to the ocean. | Drainage basin |
A well that doesn't require pumping | Artesian well |
A hot spring that erupts periodically, shooting hot water and steam into the air. | Geyser |
One of the two tyes of river deposition that usually forms as a river flows into the ocean or gulf. | Delta |
Shape of young river-created valleys. | V-shape |
A moving mass of snow and ice | Glacier |
Mature and old rivers both have these flat areas between the valley walls resuting from back and forth erosion. | Flood plain |
The upper boundary of the zone of saturation in an aquifer. | Water table |
These are calcite formations that hang from the cavern ceiling. | Stalactites |
Rock material left behind by a retreating glacier. | Till |
This is the flow of water caused by the ground being saturated with water. | Runoff |
Shape of glacier-created valleys. | U-Shape |
The type of glacier that covers both Antarctica and Greenland. | Continental |
A layer of permeable rock that lets water move freely. | Aquifer |
Type of acid that erodes limestone to form a cavern over a long period of time | Carbonic |
Thick mixture of water and sediments flowing downhill. | Mudflow |
Type of glacier found in high mountain areas where the temperature is below freezing. | Valley glacier |
Layer of soil that is important for plant growth. | Topsoil |
Ridgelike rock material carried by a glacier. | Moraine |
What are some factors that affect runoff? | Amount of rainfall, slope of the land, amount of vegetation |
A bend in a river formed by erosion. | Meander |
Name some causes of mechanical weathering. | Ice, burrowing animals, tree roots |
What are the three classifications for sedimentary rocks? | Detrital, chemical, and organic |
A period of mass global glaciation. The most recent occured 18,000 years ago | Ice age |
Rock fragments, mineral grains,and bits of plants and animal remains moved by wind, water, ice or gravity. | Sediments |
A mixture of weathered rock, mineral fragments, decayed organic matter, water, and air | Soil |
This type of weathering changes the chemical composition of the rock. | Chemical weathering |
A mound of sediments drifted by the wind. | Dune |
What are some factors that affect the formation of soil? | Climate, type of rock, slope of the land |
The dark-colored organic matter found in soil | Humus |
Ice picking up pieces of rock | Plucking |
Loess, dunes and moraines are examples | Deposition |
Material that is deposited by meltwater beyond the end of a glacier. | Outwash |
Any type of erosion that happens as gravity moves material down slope. | Mass movement |
A large mass of ice and snow moving on land under its own weight. | Glacier |
Water that soaks into the ground and collects in empty spaces and pores. | Groundwater |
Rock that has spaces that are connected so that water can pass through. | Permeable |
When water cannot pass through rock. | Impermeable |
A layer of permeable rock that lets water pass through. | Aquifer |
When the water table is close to Earth's surface water can flow out through a | Spring |