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2 Peds Allergy

QuestionAnswer
Allergic Rhinitis Pathophysiology On exposure to certain antigens, IgE fixed to mast cells causes the release of chemical mediators leading to inflammation, vasodilation and increased capillary permeability
Histamine containing granules are found with the... mast cells
Allergic Rhinitis History to obtain Symptoms, Severity of Sx, Pattern of sx: relationship to seasons, antigen exposure
PE of Allergic Rhinitis: Face-long,narrow face, high arched palate, allergic salute, mouth breathing; Eyes- infraorbital shiners, conjunctival injection and cobblestoning, stringy discharge; AND Nose -pale, swollen mucosa, clear discharge, transverse nasal creasel. Mouth - dry lips, PND
Differential Diagnosis with Allergic Rhinitis Sinusitis: purulent Discharge, HA, PND. Rhinitis medicamentosa: overuse of topical decongestants. Local disorders: polyps, dev septum, adenoid hypertrophy, fb. Vasomotor rhinitis
Allergy Prick Skin tests in for Allergic Rhinitis labs: pollens (trees-spring, grass-summer, ragweed-fall), dust mites, animals, mold, cockroaches
Tx of Allergic Rhinitis Avoid offending allergens, medication, allergy vaccine therapy
Decongestant for Allergic Rhinitis Sudafed
Antihistamines for Allergic Rhinitis Allegra, Xyzal, Clarinex, Zyrtec, Claritin
Nasal Steroids for Allergic Rhinitis Veramyst, Rhinocort, Nasonex, Nasalide, Nasocort, Flonase
Eye Tx for allergic Rhinitis Pataday, Zaditor, Ellistat
Immunotherapy process in treating allergic rhinitis 3-5 years of injections containing antigens causing symptoms. Decreases symptoms, medication use
Major Criteria of Clinical Manifestations in Atopic Dermatitis Pruritis, Typical distribution of rash, chronic and relapsing, hx of other allergic sx
Common locations for Infantile Atopic Dermatitis Face, elbows, knees
Common location for Toddler Atopic Dermatitis Wrist, popliteal and antecubital fossae
Hyperpigmentation and Lichenification can be seen in Atopic Dermatitis
Minor clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis Xerosis, hyperlinear palms, early age of onset, Dennie’s lines, infraorbital shiners, food intolerances, cutaneous infections, intolerance to wool, increased itch with sweating
Labs for atopic dermatitis allergy skin tests, IgE levels (usually elevated), skin culture, double blind food challenge
Differential Diagnosis for atopic dermatitis Seborrhea (scalp and face), Contact dermatitis (nickel dermatitis), Scabies (intense itching)
Tx for atopic dermatitis Emollients (cetaphil, cerave, etc), Topical steroids (mildest effective potency), Nonsteroidal creams (elidil, protopic), Abx for 2ndary infxn (keflex, check for mrsa), Antipuritics (atarax, benadryl, zyrtec)
Tx Continued for Atopic dermatitis Daily soaking baths, avoid environmental irritants, elimination diet (if indicated), Complementary treatments (biofeedback, massage, behavior modification, counseling)
Created by: ltm12
 

 



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