The Constitution of the United States was written in ____.
1787
The Civil War was fought from __________.
1861-1865
______________ is an economic theory that a country’s strength is measured by the amount of gold it has, that a country should sell more than it buys and that the colonies exist for the benefit of the Mother Country.
Mercantilism
An __________ was a person who wanted to end slavery in the United States.
abolitionist
A __________ is a tax on goods brought into a country. A protective tariff is a tax placed on goods from another country to protect the home industry.
Tariff
_______________ is the belief that the United States should own all of the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Manifest Destiny
______________________ is a system of government in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them.
Representative Government
A ____________ is a nation in which voters choose representatives to govern them.
Republic
The Three Branches of Government are the ______________ (makes the laws), the ___________________(interprets the law), and the ________________(enforces the laws).
_________________ is a system set up by the Constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check, or control, the actions of the other branches.
Checks and Balances
________________ is the freedom of private businesses to operate competitively for profit with minimal government regulation.
Free Enterprise
________________ is an economic system based on private property and free enterprise.
Capitalism
____________ is a system in which each branch of government has its own powers.
Separation of Powers
___________ means to change.
Amend
________________ are rights that cannot be given up, taken away, or transferred. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, are some of those rights.
Unalienable rights
______________ is a cruel and unjust government.
Tyranny
A _______________ is a form of government that is run for and by the people, giving the people supreme power.
Democracy
____________ is the right of the Supreme Court to judge laws, passed by Congress, and determine whether they are constitutional or not.
Judicial Review
_____________ is the refusal to obey a government law or laws as a means of passive resistance because of one’s moral conviction or belief.
Civil Disobedience
______________ are the original records of an event. They include eyewitness reports, records created at the time of an event, speeches, and letters by people involved in the event, photographs, and artifacts.
Primary Sources
_____________ are the later writings and interpretations of historians and writers. Often secondary sources, like textbooks and articles, provide summaries of information found in primary sources.
Secondary Sources
_______________ was the era in which a change from household industries to factory production using powered machinery took place.
Industrial Revolution
The __________, signed in 1215 by King John, was the first document that limited power of the ruler.
Magna Carta
The _______________ protected the rights of English citizens and became the basis for the American Bill of Rights.
English Bill of Rights
The ____________________ was a document written by Thomas Jefferson, declaring the colonies independence from England.
Declaration of Independence
The _______________________ sets out the laws and principles of the government of the United States.
Constitution of the United States
The ___________________ was a foreign policy statement by President James Monroe stating that 1) the U.S. would not interfere in European affairs, and 2) that the western hemisphere was closed to colonization and/or interference by European nations.
Monroe Doctrine
The ________________ ended the French and Indian War and effectively kicked the French out of North America.
Treaty of Paris 1763
The ___________________ ended the American Revolution and forced Britain to recognize the United States as an independent nation.
Treaty of Paris 1783
_________________ was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to convince colonists that it was time to become independent from Britain.
Common Sense
___________ was an inventor, statesman, diplomat, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and delegate to the Constitutional Convention. He was responsible for convincing Louis XVI of France to support America during the Revolution.
Ben Franklin
______________ wrote the Declaration of Independence; became the 3rd President of the United States; he also purchased the Louisiana territory, doubling the size of the United States.
Thomas Jefferson
_______________ wrote pamphlets like Common Sense and The Crisis to encourage American independence and resolve.
Thomas Paine
_____________ was the leader of the Continental Army who became the first President of the United States.
George Washington
______________ was the President of the Confederacy during the Civil War.
Jefferson Davis
__________________ was the 16th President of the United States who successfully put the Union back together only to be assassinated 5 days after the Civil War ended.
Abraham Lincoln
_______________ is considered to be the “Father of the Constitution.”
James Madison
________________ was a staunch Federalist and the longest serving Chief Justice in Supreme Court history (1801-1835). He played a key role in the development of the American legal system.
John Marshall
_________________ was a former slave who became the best-known black abolitionist in the country.
Frederick Douglass
________________ was an escaped slave who became a vocal member of the abolitionist movement as well as women’s rights.
Sojourner Truth
__________________ helped fuel the abolitionist movement in 1852 by writing Uncle Tom’s Cabin. The book shined a light on the horrors of slavery.
Harriet Beecher Stowe
___________ was the author of the Monroe Doctrine, which shut down the western hemisphere to European expansion or interference.
James Monroe
_________________________ (two people) organized the Seneca Falls Convention creating the Declaration of Sentiments and ultimately the Women’s Rights Movement in the United States.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott
The _________ Amendment states that “Congress shall make no law” restricting freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.
First
The __________ Amendment guarantees the right of states to organize militias, or armies, and the right of individuals to bear arms.
Second
The _______ Amendment forbids the government to order private citizens to allow soldiers to live in their homes.
Third
The _______ Amendment requires that warrants be issued if property is to be searched or seized (taken) by the government.
Fourth
The _______ Amendment protects an accused person from having to testify against him or herself (self-incrimination); bans double jeopardy; and guarantees that no person will suffer the loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
Fifth
The _______ Amendment guarantees the right to a speedy public trial by an impartial jury; the right to a lawyer; the right to cross examine witnesses; and the right to force witnesses at a trial to testify.
Sixth
The ________ Amendment guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil suits.
Seventh
The _________ Amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment an excessive bail or fines.
Eighth
The _______ Amendment states that the people have rights other than those specifically mentioned in the Constitution.
Ninth
The _________ Amendment states that powers not given to the federal government belong to the states.
Tenth
The ___________ Amendment abolished slavery.
Thirteenth
The ___________ Amendment guarantees citizenship and rights to all people born or naturalized in the United States.
Science Vocab 147928
