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Volcanoes
All about volcanoes
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Volcano | A volcano is a weak spot in the crust where molten materiel or magma comes to the surface |
Lava | When magma reaches the surface |
magma | A molten mixture of rock-forming substances gases and water from the mantle is referred to |
Ring of Fire | Formed by many volcanoes that rim the pacific ocean |
Hot Spot | Is an area where materiel from deep within the mantle |
Shield Volcano | Gently sloping mountain |
Composite Volcano | volcano built up by many layers of hardened lava, |
Cinder Cone Volcano | sudden violent eruption formed from ash |
Sill | A slab of volcanic rock formed when magma squeezes between layers of rock. |
Dike | A slab of volcanic rock formed when magma forces itself across rock layers. |
Batholith | A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust. |
Lava Plateu | A lava plateau is a large, flat area of land created by lava filling in all the valleys and other depressions. Lava plateaus are created by low-viscosity basaltic magma, which spreads very quickly before it cools, allowing it to cover a large area. |
Extinct | A volcano that is no longer active and is unlikely to erupt again. |
Dormat | A volcano that is not currently active, but may become active in the future. |
Active | currently erupting, or that has erupted within historical times. |
Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances. |
Viscosity | The resistance of a liquid to flowing. |
Silica | A material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon. |
Pahoehoe | A hot, fast-moving type of lava that hardens to form smooth, rope like coils. |
AA | slow-moving type of lava that hardens to form rough chunks; cooler than pahoehoe. |
Compound | A substance in which two or more elements are chemically joined. |
Volcanic Ash | Ash that is from exploded volcanoes |
magma chamber | Is where the magma goes and stays |
Crater | the hole or pit |
Vent | an opening at the earths surface |
Pipe | A pipe that hols the magma |
Caldera | The explosion of an volcano |
hot spring | a thermal spring |
geyser | a water explosion |