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Skin Disorders

All integumentary disorders

TermDefinition
Lesion A superficial growth or patch of the skin that does not resemble the area surrounding it.
Systemic Pertaining to or affecting the body as a whole.
Therapeutic Pertaining to therapeutics or to treating, remediating, or curing a disorder or disease.
MRSA Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. A strain of Staphylococcus aureus—a commensal which lives harmlessly on the skin and nasal cavity of about one-third of the general population—which is resistant to meticillin. Once it enters the body through a
Staphlococcus A group of bacteria that cause a multitude of diseases. Under a microscope, these bacteria are round and bunched together. They can cause illness directly by infection or indirectly through products they make.
Dermatology The branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the skin, hair, nails, oral cavity and genitals. Sometimes also, cosmetic care and enhancement. This is literally called the study of the skin.
Integument An enveloping layer (as a skin, membrane, or husk) of an organism or one of its parts.
Dermatologist A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin problems.
Squamous Flat and scaly like a fish.
Cutaneous Related to the skin.
Malignant In regard to a tumor, having the properties of a malignancy that can invade and destroy nearby tissue and that may spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.
Benign Not malignant. A ------ tumor is one that does not invade surrounding tissue or spread to other parts of the body; it is not a cancer.
Abrasion A wearing away of the upper layer of skin as a result of applied friction force.
Abscess A local accumulation of pus anywhere in the body. Better known as a common boil.
Furuncle Is also known as a "boil." A tender, dome-shaped skin lesion caused by an infection around a hair follicle with Staphylococcus aureus.
Carbuncle A group of pus-filled bumps forming a connected area of infection under the skin.
Acne Localized skin inflammation as a result of overactivity of the oil glands at the base of specialized hair follicles. Happens when oil (sebaceous) glands come to life around puberty.
Alopecia Comes from the Greek "alopex" for "fox." Foxes are less furry when afflicted with a skin disease (the "mange") which causes them to lose their hair. When a fancier word for "baldness" was sought, the mangy fox supplied it -- "............." or, if you wi
Carcinoma The most common type of skin cancer, which commonly presents as a sore that seems to get better and then recurs and may start to bleed.Often occurs on the face and neck, where the skin is exposed to sunlight. These tumors are locally invasive and tend to
Melanoma A cancer that develops in pigment cells called melanocytes. Patients themselves are the first to detect many melanomas. Caught early, most melanomas can be cured with relatively minor surgery. Can be more serious than the other forms of skin cancer bec
Comedo The primary sign of acne, consisting of a widened hair follicle filled with keratin skin debris, bacteria, and sebum (oil). A comedo may be closed or open. (called a whitehead) Has an obstructed opening to the skin and may rupture to cause a low-grade in
Cyst Are closed sac-like or capsule structures that may be filled with semisolid material, gaseous material, or liquid. There are several causes of cysts, including genetic, infectious, and other causes that result in hundreds of types of cysts. Risk factor
Pilonidal Pilonidal cysts are sacs filled with hair and skin debris that form at the top of the crease of the buttocks above the sacrum. A painful abscess can form if the cyst and the overlying skin become infected. Pilonidal cysts are caused by groups of hairs an
Sebaceous Pertaining to oil or an oily substance.
Eczema Is not a single disease but a reaction pattern of the skin produced by a number conditions. Atopic dermatitis, a common causes of eczema, is more prevalent in those with asthma and hay fever. Eczema appears as small blisters that can weep and ooze, or a
Gangrene Gangrene refers to dead or dying body tissue(s) that occur because of inadequate blood supply. There are two major types of gangrene, wet gangrene and dry gangrene. Dry gangrene can result from conditions that reduce or block arterial blood flow such a
Hemorrhage Pertains to excessive bleeding or the result of cutting a major artery or a vein.
Contusion Another name for a bruise. What is a bruise ? A bruise, or contusion, is caused when blood vessels are damaged or broken as the result of a blow to the skin (be it bumping against something or hitting yourself with a hammer). The raised area of a bump or
Ecchymosis Nonraised skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels. Ecchymoses can occur in mucous membranes (for example, in the mouth).
Petechia Petechiae are pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding. The bleeding causes the petechiae to appear red, brown or purple. ... Usually flat to the touch, petechiae don't lose color when you press on them.
Hematoma Hematoma is a collection of blood outside of a blood vessel. There are several types of hematomas and they are often described based on their location. Examples of hematomas include subdural, spinal, under the finger or toenail bed (subungual), ear, and
Hirsutism Having excessive facial and bodily hair. Hirsutism can be a side effect of certain medications (such as prednisone) or reflect an underlying hormonal imbalance.
Ichthyosis Ichthyosis vulgaris is an inherited skin condition that occurs when your skin doesn't shed its dead skin cells. This causes dry, dead skin cells to accumulate in patches on the surface of your skin. It's also known as “fish scale disease” because the dead
Impetigo Is a bacterial infection of the surface of the skin. Impetigo is more common in children than in adults. The two types of impetigo are nonbullous and bullous impetigo. Impetigo symptoms can include small blisters, dark or honey-colored crust that
Keloid Keloids can be considered to be "scars that don't know when to stop." A keloid, sometimes referred to as a keloid scar, is a tough heaped-up scar that rises quite abruptly above the rest of the skin. It usually has a smooth top and a pink or purple color.
Psoriasis Is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease. Obesity, diabetes, and heart disease are more common in people with psoriasis. Psoriasis can be initiated by certain environmental triggers. A predisposition for psoriasis is inherited in genes. Although sympto
Scabies Elderly and weakened people in nursing homes and similar institutional settings may harbor scabies without showing significant itching or visible signs. In such cases, there can be widespread epidemics among patients and health-care workers. Such cases ar
Skin lesions A skin lesion is a part of the skin that has an abnormal growth or appearance compared to the skin around it. Types of skin lesions Two categories of skin lesions exist: primary and secondary.
Tinea Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin previously thought to be due to a parasite (worm). The medical term for ringworm is tinea. The skin infections are sometimes characterized by round lesions in the upper layers of the skin. Fungi that cause ringwo
Ulcer A lesion that is eroding away the skin or mucous membrane. Ulcers can have various causes, depending on their location. Ulcers on the skin are usually due to irritation, as in the case of bedsores, and may become inflamed and/or infected as they grow. Ulc
Urticaria Another name for hives. Raised, itchy areas of skin that are usually a sign of an allergic reaction. Hives can be rounded or flat-topped but are always elevated above the surrounding skin. They reflect circumscribed dermal edema (local swelling of the ski
Verruca A wart by another name, a local growth of the outer layer of the skin (the epidermis) caused by a virus. A virus of warts (a human papillomavirus) is transmitted by contact. The contact can be with a wart on someone else or one on oneself (auto inoculate)
Vesicle A small blister, as on the skin. Vesicles also occur on the mucous membranes, such as the buccal mucosa (the lining of the mouth). Vesicles are less than 0.5 centimeters in diameter.
Vitiligo Vitiligo is a disease in which the pigment cells of the skin, melanocytes, are destroyed in certain areas. Vitiligo results in depigmented, or white, patches of skin in any location on the body. Vitiligo can be focal and localized to one area, or it may
Wheal Skin wheals are elevated, discolored, and sometimes itchy patches that develop on the skin's surface. They can be caused by allergic reactions, insect bites, or sensitivity to some external stimulus. ... Any further irritation can cause symptoms to get wo
Biopsy A biopsy is the removal of a sample of tissue or cells so that they can be examined by a pathologist, usually under a microscope. A specialist trained to examine a sample of tissue for signs and extent of disease under a microscope is called a pathologist
Skin test During allergy skin tests, your skin is exposed to suspected allergy-causing substances (allergens) and is then observed for signs of an allergic reaction.Along with your medical history, allergy tests may be able to confirm whether or not a particular su
Macules A circumscribed change in the color of skin that is neither raised nor depressed. Macules are completely flat and can only be appreciated by visual inspection and not by touch. Physicians refer to flat skin spots on the skin as macules, as opposed to papu
Papules The term "papule" is derived from Latin from "papula," a pimple. Dermatologists call any small solid circumscribed bump in the skin a papule, as opposed to a vesicle which contains fluid or a macule which is flat and even with the surrounding skin.
Pustules A pustule is a small collection of pus in the top layer of skin (epidermis) or beneath it in the dermis. Pustules frequently form in sweat glands or hair follicles. Pus is a mixture of inflammatory cells and liquid. Put somewhat more simply, a pustule is
Crusts A hard outer layer or covering; cutaneous crusts are often formed by dried serum or pus on the surface of a ruptured blister or pustule.
Acne vulgaris Acne vulgaris (or simply acne) is a long-term skin disease that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with dead skin cells and oil from the skin. Acne is characterized by areas of blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, and greasy skin, and may result in sca
Athletes foot Athlete's foot occurs when the tinea fungus grows on the feet. You can catch the fungus through direct contact with an infected person or by touching surfaces contaminated with the fungus. The fungus thrives in warm, moist environments and is commonly fou
Skin cancer Skin cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells. It occurs when unrepaired DNA damage to skin cells (most often caused by ultraviolet radiation from sunshine or tanning beds) triggers mutations, or genetic defects, that lead the skin cells t
Dermatitis Inflammation of the skin, either due to an inherent skin defect, direct contact with an irritating substance, or to an allergic reaction. Symptoms of dermatitis include redness, itching, and in some cases blistering. ... People who suffer from dermatitis
Eczema An inflammatory condition of the skin characterized by redness, itching, and oozing vesicular lesions which become scaly, crusted, or hardened.
Ringworm Any of several contagious diseases of the skin, hair, or nails of humans and domestic animals caused by fungi (as of the genus Trichophyton) and characterized by ring-shaped discolored patches on the skin that are covered with vesicles and scales. Also c
Created by: Jermey Thompson
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