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Ch. 2 review

review terms for chapter 2 test

TermDefinition
asthenosphere the 'weak' sphere
equinox equal hours of light and dark (vernal and autumnal)
density mass/volume (for water it is 1 g/mL)
Moho boundary b/t crust and mantle
IDL 180 degree longitude (W side is 1 day ahead of E side)
perihelion point when we are closest to the sun (occurs in January)
radius half the distance across a sphere
interface boundary between any two layers in the earth
revolution equals one year (orbit) takes 365. 25 days
volume amount of space occupied by an object
outer core liquid iron and nickel
weight effect of GRAVITY on mass
Polaris currently the North Star in the Ursa Minor (Little Dipper)
diameter distance across a sphere
equator 0 degree latitude (gets direct sunrays on both equinoxes)
day 23.934 hours = one rotation
longitude lines running N to S but measure degrees E and W
oblate spheroid the shape of the earth
atmosphere the gas sphere (Nitrogen is most abundant)
hydrosphere the water sphere (the ocean makes up the biggest amount) *about 3/4 of the Earth is covered with water *97% of all water on the Earth is found in oceans
aphelion point when we are farthest from the sun (occurs in July)
circumference full distance around a sphere
solstice means sun stop...we have summer and winter
crust thinnest layer...solid *oceanic is thinner and more dense *continental is thicker and less dense (floats on the oceanic crust)
Prime Meridian 0 degree longitude (goes through Greenwich, England)
rotation equals 1 day...23.934 hours
Tropic of Capricorn 23.5 degree S latitude (gets direct sunrays on winter solstice)
precession wobble on the Earth's axis (takes 26,000 years)
mass amount of material in an object
poles 90 degrees north and south latitude
gravity a pull from within the center of a spinning mass
year 365.25 days = one revolution
Tropic of Cancer 23.5 degree N latitude (gets direct sunrays on summer solstice)
Eratosthenes 2600 years ago calculated Earth's circumference
time zone there are 24 standard
latitude lines running E to W but measure degrees N and S of the equator
mantle liquid-like...the layer with the most mass in the Earth
lithosphere the 'rock' sphere
inner core solid iron and nickel
hypothesis educated guess ... 'if - then' statement
scientific notation an educated estimate of a really big OR really small number (with x10 in the answer)
standard notation writing out a number in its full form (example: 3450998
metric system base measurements in meters, liters, grams
metric pre-fixes kilo-hecto-deka-base-deci-centi-milli-
observations direct (using direct senses) VERSUS indirect (making inferences from data collected)
vernal equinox first day of spring....occurs in March....equator gets direct sun...equal hours of day and night
autumnal equinox first day of fall .... occurs in September... equator gets direct sun...equal hours of day and night
summer solstice first day of summer...occurs in June....Tropic of Cancer gets direct sun...longest daylight hours in Northern hemisphere
winter solstice first day of winter...occurs in December....Tropic of Capricorn gets direct sun...longest night hours in Northern hemisphere
Earth's axis we are on a 23.5 degree tilt
Created by: tschafebook
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