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Sensory Physiology

General senses

QuestionAnswer
Types of Somatic senses Touch, temperature, pain and proprioception ( the awareness of the body part in space)
special senses? Olfactory ( related to smell) gestation, vision, hearing and balance
the four main stimulus for receptor ? Chemoreceptors, photoreceptors, mechanorecptor and nocioceptor
the process of non-neural receptor? Once receptor detect stimuli , it causes gated ion Chanel to open-------action potential occurs-------which causes the release of neurotransmitter ------afferent pathway.
receptive fields Area that neuron monitor. It's often overlap and converge on afferent pathway.
What is two points of discrimination? More distinction, less convergence between recteptive field.
how does CNS distinguish between different stimuli? -Location which determine what part of the brain to send signal to. Sensory cortex (gray matter) contain column devoted to different body part.
- sensory receptor-nature of stimuli-type of receptor that is activated also determine region of the brain the info is sent to.
how does CNS distinguish between different stimuli? -Location which determine what part of the brain to send signal to. Sensory cortex (gray matter) contain column devoted to different body part.
receptor adaptation - sensory receptor-nature of stimuli-type of receptor that is activated also determine region of the brain the info is sent to.
somatic senses -Duration -intensity which determine on the number of neuron firing and the frequency of neuron firing.
receptor adaptation receptor stops response to stimuli once it persist (keep on)
What is mechanoreceptor? it is touch receptor, touch, pressure and stretch.
somatic senses receptor are located on skin and visceral organs. afferent info cross the body at some point. its thalamus relays or sends afferent info to a appropriate part somatic-sensory cortex, especially region of cerebral cortex for somatic senses.
describe thermoreceptor Free nerve ending in hypodermis. Both warmth-deep in dermis Pacinian and cold
mechanoreceptor? it is touch receptor, touch, pressure and stretch.
thermoreceptor Free nerve ending in hypodermis. Both warmth-deep in dermis Pacinian and cold at the superficial dermis meiners light. thermoreceptor serve and can activate nociceptors.
nocioceptor ? free nerve ending that can response to varieties of negative stimuli. eg. cytokines released by injured tissue such as histamine, prostaglandin. - can be activated by mechanoreceptor and thermoreceptors
describe the two reflex pathway for pain integration at spinal cord -----unconscious moto output. pain can be fast or slow. -Refered pain: sensory neuron for skin and viseral converge onto the same afferent nerve. CNS receive stimuli, but can't distinguish. interpret as skin pain instead.
what is chronic pain long term pain. usually reflective of damage pathway or CNS
what happen if the afferent pathway is damage? A person would not able to feel pain if the afferent fail to send electrical impulse to the integrating center.
olfactory bolb olfactory bulb is located at the base of the frontal loop, synapses to olfactory cell ( primary sensory neuron) extends into nasal ( secondary sensory neuron) cavity and dendrites.
Chemoreception step 1. chemical in air dissolve in mucus, binds to receptor on dendrites of olfactory cell, typically G-protein couple receptor that open gated ion channels. olfactory send neurotransmitter to 2nd sensory neuron in olfactory bulb. cranial nerve I
chemoreception step cranial nerve I bring info to olfactory cortex for processing.
Gustation: Taste bud located on the side of papillae. consists of grouping of gustatory cell and glial cells. Gustatory cell have microvilli conains chemorecptor.- non-neurorecptor, each one responds to one type of receptor, synapse to primary neurons, to multiple cranial nerves, to gustatory cortex.
Created by: katzz
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