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Unit 4 Europe

Vocab for Unit 4

TermDefinition
Dike An earthen bank used to direct or prevent the passage of water.
Loess Wind-blown silt and clay sediment that produces very fertile soil.
Mistral A cold, dry wind from the north
Ethnic Cleansing The policy of trying to eliminate an ethnic group
Feudalism A political system in Europe which a king allows nobles to use his land in exchange for military services and protection. 9th-15th century
Enlightenment a European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition.
Cold War The conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War 2, Called "cold" because it never escalated into open warfare.
Romanticism a movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual.
Heavy Industry Heavy industry is industry that involves one or more characteristics such as large and heavy products
State Farm farm, or a number of farms organized as a unit, worked by a community under the supervision of the state.
Acid Deposition sulfur and nitrogen compounds and other substances are transformed by chemical processes in the atmosphere
Polder Land that is reclaimed from the sea or other body of water by diking and drainage.
Timberline (on a mountain) the line or altitude above which no trees grow.
Sirocco A hot, steady south wind that blows from N. Africa Across the Mediterranean Sea into southern Europe, mostly in spring.
Refugee a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.
Crusaders A series of wars launched by European Christians in 1096 to capture the Holy Land from Muslims
Industrial Capitalism An economic and political system characterized by a free market for goods and services and private control of production and consumption.
European Union Based on the Maastricht Treaty, it envisions the eventual establishment of common economic, foreign, security, and justice policies.
Impressionist an entertainer who impersonates famous people.
Light Industry the manufacture of small or light articles.
Organic Farming form of agriculture that relies on techniques such as crop rotation, green manure, compost, and biological pest control.
Environmentalist a person who is concerned with or advocates the protection of the environment.
Glaciation The changing of landforms by slowly moving glaciers.
Foehn a hot southerly wind on the northern slopes of the Alps.
Chapparral vegetation consisting chiefly of tangled shrubs and thorny bushes.
City-state an autonomous political unit made up of a city and its surrounding lands.
Renaissance A time of renewed interest in learning and the arts that lasted from 14th-16th century.
Reparations the making of amends for a wrong one has done, by paying money to or otherwise helping those who have been wronged.
Language Family group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor
Welfare State a system whereby the government undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens
Mixed Farming an agricultural system in which a farmer conducts different agricultural practice together
Dry Farming a method of farming in semiarid areas without the aid of irrigation, using drought-resistant crops and conserving moisture.
Biologist a scientist who focuses on living organisms, including plants and animals.
Fjord A long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between steep slopes
Avalanche a mass of snow, ice, and rocks falling rapidly down a mountainside.
Permafrost permanently frozen ground
Middle Ages the period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire in the West
Reformation A movement in Western Europe beginning in 1517, when many christians broke away from the Catholic Church and stated protestant churches.
Holocaust The NAZI program of mass murder of european JewS during World War II
Good Friday Peace Agreement a major political development in the Northern Ireland peace process of the 1990s.
Maastricht Treaty A treaty that is responsible for the creation of the European Union
Farm Cooperative a cooperative where farmers pool their resources in certain areas of activity.
Meltwater water formed by the melting of snow and ice, especially from a glacier.
Genetically Modified Food organisms n which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination.
Created by: ApolloVCB
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